儿童期支气管扩张症

Bronchiectasis in Childhood.

作者信息

Goyal Vikas, Chang Anne B

机构信息

Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.

出版信息

Clin Chest Med. 2022 Mar;43(1):71-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2021.11.006.

DOI:10.1016/j.ccm.2021.11.006

PMID:35236563

Abstract

Bronchiectasis is one of the diagnostic entities in the spectrum of pediatric chronic wet cough, causing significant morbidity and mortality. The pathobiology involves a vicious cycle of repeated infections, airway inflammation, dysregulated immunity, and tissue remodeling, resulting in impaired airway clearance, destruction of structural elements within the bronchial wall causing them to become dilated, and small-airway obstruction. Pediatric pathobiological studies are lacking, although there are recent data on the role of antibiotics in treating and preventing exacerbations. The focus has moved to understanding ways to prevent bronchiectasis and the role of novel drugs in preventing and treating bronchiectasis in children.

摘要

支气管扩张症是小儿慢性湿性咳嗽范畴内的诊断病种之一，可导致显著的发病和死亡。其病理生物学涉及反复感染、气道炎症、免疫失调和组织重塑的恶性循环，导致气道清除功能受损、支气管壁内结构成分破坏使其扩张以及小气道阻塞。尽管最近有关于抗生素在治疗和预防病情加重方面作用的数据，但小儿病理生物学研究仍很缺乏。重点已转向了解预防支气管扩张症的方法以及新型药物在预防和治疗儿童支气管扩张症中的作用。