Draghi Ferdinando, Ferrozzi Guia, Ballerini Daniela, Bortolotto Chandra
Diagnostic Imaging Department, IRCCS Maugeri Montescano, Montescano (PV), Italy.
Diagnostic Imaging Department, Centro Medico Clastmed, Codevilla, Italy.
J Clin Ultrasound. 2022 May;50(4):556-560. doi: 10.1002/jcu.23170. Epub 2022 Mar 2.
The prevalence of psoriatic arthritis among patients with psoriasis has a marked variability with ethnic and geographic variations. Inflammatory changes associated with psoriatic arthritis include bone erosion, tenosynovitis, and synovial hypertrophy, but enthesitis is considered the hallmark. Both X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are usefull in the diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis, but ultrasonography is the best imaging modality to assess entheses. Ultrasound findings of enthesitis include a loss of the regular fibrillar architecture, hypoechoic thickening, hypervascularization of tendons, ligaments, and joint capsules at their bony attachment, bony changes (including irregularities and erosions). Ultrasound has also proved the ability to detect inflammatory subclinical findings and to be useful in the follow-up of therapies.
银屑病患者中银屑病关节炎的患病率因种族和地域差异而有显著变化。与银屑病关节炎相关的炎症变化包括骨侵蚀、腱鞘炎和滑膜增生，但附着点炎被认为是其标志。X线和磁共振成像（MRI）在银屑病关节炎的诊断中都很有用，但超声检查是评估附着点的最佳成像方式。附着点炎的超声表现包括规则纤维结构消失、低回声增厚、肌腱、韧带和关节囊在其骨附着处血管增多、骨质改变（包括不规则和侵蚀）。超声还被证明能够检测炎症性亚临床表现，并在治疗随访中发挥作用。
