Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 277, SP, 05508-090, Brazil.
Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Avenida Miguel Estéfano, 3687, SP, 04301-012, Brazil.
Planta. 2022 Mar 3;255(4):77. doi: 10.1007/s00425-022-03857-8.
Ceratodon purpureus showed changes in disaccharides, flavonoids, and carotenoids throughout annual seasons. These changes indicate harsher environmental conditions during the dry period, directing metabolic precursors to enhance the antioxidant system. Bryophytes are a group of land plants comprising mosses (Bryophyta), liverworts (Marchantyophyta), and hornworts (Antocerotophyta). This study uses the molecular networking approach to investigate the influence of seasonality (dry and rainy seasons) on the metabolome and redox status of the moss Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Brid., from Campos do Jordão, Brazil. Samples of C. purpureus were submitted to three extraction methods: 80% methanol producing the soluble fraction (intracellular compounds), followed by debris hydrolysis using sodium hydroxide producing the insoluble fraction (cell wall conjugated compounds), both analyzed by HPLC-MS; and extraction using pre-cooled methanol, separated into polar and non-polar fractions, being both analyzed by GC-MS. All fractions were processed using the Global Natural Product Social Molecular Network (GNPS). The redox status was assessed by the analysis of four enzyme activities combined with the analysis of the contents of ascorbate, glutathione, carotenoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde acid (MDA). During the dry period, there was an increase of most biflavonoids, as well as phospholipids, disaccharides, long-chain fatty acids, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes, ROS, and MDA. Results indicate that C. purpureus is under harsher environmental conditions during the dry period, mainly due to low temperature and less water availability (low rainfall).
紫萼藓在全年的季节中表现出二糖、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素的变化。这些变化表明在干旱期环境条件更为恶劣，导致代谢前体增强抗氧化系统。苔藓植物是一群陆生植物，包括苔藓（Bryophyta）、地钱（Marchantyophyta）和角苔（Antocerotophyta）。本研究使用分子网络方法研究季节性（旱季和雨季）对巴西若昂佩索阿市紫萼藓（Ceratodon purpureus）（Hedw.）Brid. 的代谢组和氧化还原状态的影响。将紫萼藓的样品提交给三种提取方法：80%甲醇产生可溶部分（细胞内化合物），然后用氢氧化钠水解残渣产生不可溶部分（细胞壁结合化合物），两者均通过 HPLC-MS 分析；以及使用预冷甲醇提取，分为极性和非极性部分，两者均通过 GC-MS 分析。所有部分均使用全球天然产物社会分子网络（GNPS）进行处理。氧化还原状态通过分析四种酶活性结合抗坏血酸、谷胱甘肽、类胡萝卜素、活性氧（ROS）和丙二醛酸（MDA）的含量来评估。在旱季，大多数双黄酮类化合物以及磷脂、二糖、长链脂肪酸、类胡萝卜素、抗氧化酶、ROS 和 MDA 的含量增加。结果表明，在旱季，紫萼藓处于更为恶劣的环境条件下，主要是由于低温和水分供应减少（降雨量低）。
