Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Yazakokarimata, Nagakute-city, 480-1195, Japan.
Department of Anatomy, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan.
Anat Sci Int. 2022 Jul;97(3):264-272. doi: 10.1007/s12565-022-00653-y. Epub 2022 Mar 3.
Formaldehyde has been traditionally used for embalming human cadavers for gross anatomy education and surgical skills training. However, exposure to formaldehyde negatively affects human health. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of reperfusing urea solution to a formalin-embalmed cadaver for surgical skills training and then investigate the cadaver's tissue elasticity alteration after being soaked into the urea solution. Twelve surgeons evaluated the similarity of tissue characteristics between the cadaver (embalmed by formalin solution and reperfused by urea solution) and a living human body. Furthermore, the tissue formaldehyde content and mechanical properties of the formalin-fixated femoral skin and artery specimens with or without soaking into urea solution were measured. Results showed that the tactile assessment, skin incision, vessel ligation and suture, and decollement were better and more useful in the cadaver reperfused by urea solution than in the cadaver merely fixated by formalin solution. In the urea-reperfused cadaver, the volatilized, or tissue formaldehyde levels declined. The stiffness and Young's modulus of the femoral skin and artery were also lower in the specimen than in the mere formalin-fixated specimen. In conclusion, reperfusion of urea solution to the formalin-fixated cadaver makes anatomical education and surgical skills training more efficient with fewer requirements for cadaver management.
甲醛传统上用于人体标本的防腐以便进行大体解剖学教育和外科技能培训。然而，接触甲醛会对人体健康产生负面影响。本研究旨在评估将尿素溶液再灌注到福尔马林固定的尸体中进行外科技能培训的效果，然后研究尸体浸泡在尿素溶液后组织弹性的变化。12 名外科医生评估了福尔马林溶液固定和尿素溶液再灌注的尸体与活体之间组织特性的相似性。此外，还测量了浸泡在尿素溶液前后福尔马林固定的股骨皮肤和动脉标本的组织甲醛含量和力学性能。结果表明，在尿素再灌注的尸体上进行触觉评估、皮肤切口、血管结扎和缝合以及剥离比单纯用福尔马林固定的尸体更好、更有用。在尿素再灌注的尸体中，挥发性或组织甲醛水平下降。与单纯福尔马林固定的标本相比，股骨皮肤和动脉的硬度和杨氏模量也较低。总之，将尿素溶液再灌注到福尔马林固定的尸体中，可以提高解剖学教育和外科技能培训的效率，同时降低对尸体管理的要求。
