Ozfidan-Konakci Ceyda, Alp Fatma Nur, Arikan Busra, Elbasan Fevzi, Cavusoglu Halit, Yildiztugay Evren
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram 42090, Konya, Turkey.
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu 42130, Konya, Turkey.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 20;826:154213. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154213. Epub 2022 Feb 28.
Nanomaterial fullerene (FLN) has different responses called the hormesis effect against stress conditions. The favorable/adverse impacts of hormesis on crop quality and productivity are under development in agrotechnology. In this study, the effect of FLN administration (100-250-500mg L for FLN1-2-3, respectively) on growth, water management, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and cobalt (Co)-induced oxidative stress in Zea mays was investigated. The negative alterations in relative growth rate (RGR), water status (relative water content, osmotic potential and proline content) and gas exchange/stomatal regulation were removed by FLNs. FLNs were shown to protect photosynthetic apparatus and preserve the photochemistry of photosystems (PSI-PSII) in photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence transients and energy flux damaged under Co stress. The maize leaves exposed to Co stress exhibited a high accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (HO) due to insufficient scavenging activity, which was confirmed by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-specific fluorescence visualization in guard cells. FLN regulated the gene expression of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit (rbcL), nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein1-1 (NIP1-1) and tonoplast intrinsic protein2-1 (TIP2-1) under stress. After stress exposure, FLNs successfully eliminated HO content produced by superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX). The ascorbate (AsA) regeneration was achieved in all FLN applications together with Co stress through the elevated monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR, under all FLNs) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR, only FLN1). However, dose-dependent FLNs (FLN1-2) provided the induced pool of glutathione (GSH) and GSH redox state. Hydroponically applied FLNs removed the restrictions on metabolism and biological process induced by lipid peroxidation (TBARS content) and excessive ROS production. Considering all data, the modulation of treatment practices in terms of FLN concentrations and forms of its application will provide a unique platform for improving agricultural productivity and stress resistance in crops. The current study provided the first findings on the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient and localization of ROS in guard cells of Zea mays exposed to FLN and Co stress.
纳米材料富勒烯（FLN）在应对胁迫条件时会产生不同的反应，即兴奋效应。兴奋效应在农业技术中对作物品质和生产力的有利/不利影响仍在研究中。在本研究中，研究了分别施用不同浓度FLN（FLN1-2-3分别为100-250-500mg/L）对玉米生长、水分管理、气体交换、叶绿素荧光动力学以及钴（Co）诱导的氧化胁迫的影响。FLN消除了相对生长速率（RGR）、水分状况（相对含水量、渗透势和脯氨酸含量）以及气体交换/气孔调节方面的负面变化。结果表明，FLN能保护光合机构，维持光合作用中光系统（PSI-PSII）的光化学、叶绿素荧光瞬变以及在Co胁迫下受损的能量通量。暴露于Co胁迫下的玉米叶片由于清除活性不足，过氧化氢（HO）积累量较高，保卫细胞中活性氧（ROS）特异性荧光可视化证实了这一点。FLN在胁迫下调节了核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶大亚基（rbcL）、结节蛋白26样内在蛋白1-1（NIP1-1）和液泡膜内在蛋白2-1（TIP2-1）的基因表达。胁迫暴露后，FLN成功消除了过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POX）超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性产生的HO含量。在所有FLN处理以及Co胁迫下，通过提高单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（MDHAR，在所有FLN处理下）和脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR，仅在FLN1处理下）实现了抗坏血酸（AsA）的再生。然而，剂量依赖性的FLN（FLN1-2）诱导了谷胱甘肽（GSH）池和GSH氧化还原状态。水培施用FLN消除了脂质过氧化（TBARS含量）和过量ROS产生对代谢和生物过程的限制。综合所有数据，在FLN浓度及其施用形式方面调整处理方法将为提高作物农业生产力和抗逆性提供一个独特的平台。本研究首次给出了暴露于FLN和Co胁迫下玉米叶绿素a荧光瞬变以及ROS在保卫细胞中的定位的研究结果。
