《COVID-19 患者的自我报告嗅觉和味觉障碍：一项日本单中心研究》。
Self-reported Smell and Taste Disorders in Patients With COVID-19: A Japanese Single-center Study.
机构信息
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;
Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
出版信息
In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):918-924. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12781.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Smell and taste disorders are among the most common symptoms of COVID-19. However, the relationship between smell and taste disorders and systemic symptoms is not fully understood in Japan.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Questionnaires were mailed to 105 of 111 COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized at our hospital between March and July 2020 in Japan.
RESULTS
A total of 74 patients (response rate: 70.5%) completed the survey. Of these, six patients (8.1%) presented with smell disorders only, 16 (21.6%) presented with taste disorders only, and 17 (23.0%) presented with both smell and taste disorders. The mean Visual Analog Scale for smell and taste was 0.5 and 20, respectively, at the time of the most severe symptoms.
CONCLUSION
Among COVID-19 patients in Japan, smell and taste disorders are often followed by fever and may not be the first symptoms. Sense of smell is particularly impaired. These symptoms often improve, although they sometimes persist for a long time as sequelae.
背景/目的：嗅觉和味觉障碍是 COVID-19 最常见的症状之一。然而，在日本，嗅觉和味觉障碍与全身症状之间的关系尚未完全阐明。
患者和方法
我们向 2020 年 3 月至 7 月期间在我院住院的 111 名 COVID-19 患者中的 105 名邮寄了问卷。
结果
共有 74 名患者（应答率：70.5%）完成了调查。其中，6 名患者（8.1%）仅表现为嗅觉障碍，16 名患者（21.6%）仅表现为味觉障碍，17 名患者（23.0%）同时表现为嗅觉和味觉障碍。在症状最严重时，嗅觉和味觉的平均视觉模拟量表评分分别为 0.5 和 20。
结论
在日本的 COVID-19 患者中，嗅觉和味觉障碍通常伴有发热，且可能不是首发症状。嗅觉特别受损。这些症状往往会改善，尽管有时会作为后遗症持续很长时间。
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