Ohtani O, Ushiki T, Kanazawa H, Fujita T
Arch Histol Jpn. 1986 Mar;49(1):45-60. doi: 10.1679/aohc.49.45.
Microcirculation of the pancreas in the rat and rabbit with special reference to the islets was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of vascular corrosion casts, light microscopy (LM) of India ink-injected/cleared tissues, and intravital microscopy of in situ organs. The following observations were made: Approximately 10-20% of the total terminal arterioles supplied the islets, while the remainder directly supplied the exocrine pancreas. The vas afferens of the islets divided into sinusoidal capillaries with frequent U-shaped turns in the cortical A and D cell area of the islets, and their secondary branches supplied the core B cell area. Intravital microscopy confirmed that blood irrigated the cortex of the islets first and the core portion second. All islets observed possessed insulo-acinar portal vessels. About 60% of the islets in the rat possessed emissary veins leading directly into the systemic circulation, while in the rabbit, less than 5% of islets possessed emissary venules of small diameter. Thus, the well-developed emissary veins of the islets seemed characteristic of the rat, as compared with the rabbit and several other mammals examined previously. The insulo-acinar portal system seems to represent a short vascular route through which islet secretions are transported in high concentrations to the exocrine pancreas, there to exert their actions. The emissary veins of the islet seem to serve for the quick conveyance of insular secretions into general circulation. It is suggested that the pancreatic lobule is made up of subdivisions or microcirculatory units, each of which is supplied centrally by the insulo-acinar portal system, while peripherally the unit also receives direct branches of intralobular arterioles. The veins run the periphery of the unit. The occurrence of sphincters in the vas afferens and the emissary veins of the islets is suggested as being involved in the regulation of the islet blood flow.
通过血管铸型扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、印度墨汁注射/清除组织的光学显微镜（LM）以及原位器官活体显微镜，对大鼠和兔子胰腺的微循环进行了研究，特别关注胰岛。得出以下观察结果：约10%-20%的终末小动脉为胰岛供血，其余则直接为外分泌胰腺供血。胰岛的传入血管在胰岛皮质A和D细胞区域分成具有频繁U形转弯的窦状毛细血管，其二级分支为核心B细胞区域供血。活体显微镜证实血液先灌注胰岛皮质，后灌注核心部分。观察到的所有胰岛均有胰岛-腺泡门脉血管。大鼠约60%的胰岛有直接通向体循环的输出静脉，而兔子中，直径较小的输出微静脉的胰岛不到5%。因此，与兔子和先前检查的其他几种哺乳动物相比，胰岛发达的输出静脉似乎是大鼠的特征。胰岛-腺泡门脉系统似乎代表了一条短的血管路径，通过该路径，胰岛分泌物以高浓度输送到外分泌胰腺，在那里发挥作用。胰岛的输出静脉似乎用于将胰岛分泌物快速输送到全身循环。有人提出胰腺小叶由细分或微循环单位组成，每个单位由胰岛-腺泡门脉系统集中供血，而在周边，该单位也接受小叶内小动脉的直接分支。静脉在单位的周边运行。有人认为胰岛传入血管和输出静脉中括约肌的存在与胰岛血流调节有关。
