Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Clinic, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Dept of Hygiene, Epidemiology, & Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 4;17(3):e0264388. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264388. eCollection 2022.
Nationwide data on thyroid disease prevalence in Greece is lacking. Using the national health examination survey EMENO data resources, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism and associated risk factors in adults living in Greece.
A random sample of the adults (≥18 years) living in Greece was drawn by multi-stage stratified random sampling based on the 2011 census. During home visits, trained interviewers administered a standardized questionnaire to study participants. All participants answered questions concerning demographic parameters (e.g., age, sex, degree of urbanization, income) and questions concerning smoking habits, alcohol, dietary habits and psychological parameters such as anxiety and thyroid disease. Weighted logistic regression models were fitted to assess factors associated with thyroid disease.
In total, 6006 individuals were recruited in the Greek Health Examination Survey EMENO (response rate 72%) of whom 5981 were eligible for this study. The prevalence of thyroid disease was 9%, where 0.4% was related to hyperthyroidism and 8.6% to hypothyroidism. The prevalence of thyroid disease was higher in women (14.9%) than men (2.7%) (p<0.001). The highest rates of thyroid disease were observed in former iodine-deficient areas. A decrease in the prevalence of thyroidopathies with increasing alcohol consumption was found. Thyroid disease was associated with anxiety in men. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age, geographic area, and smoking were related to thyroid disease.
The prevalence of thyroid disease in Greece is higher in women. Age, habits, and characteristics of geographic areas determine the distribution of thyroidopathies in Greece.
希腊缺乏关于甲状腺疾病患病率的全国性数据。利用国家健康检查调查 EMENO 数据资源，我们旨在评估希腊成年人中甲状腺功能减退症和甲状腺功能亢进症的患病率及其相关危险因素。
采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，根据 2011 年的人口普查数据，从希腊成年人（≥18 岁）中抽取随机样本。在家庭访问期间，经过培训的访员向研究对象发放标准化问卷。所有参与者都回答了有关人口统计学参数（例如年龄、性别、城市化程度、收入）和吸烟习惯、酒精、饮食习惯以及心理参数（如焦虑和甲状腺疾病）的问题。采用加权逻辑回归模型来评估与甲状腺疾病相关的因素。
在希腊健康检查调查 EMENO 中总共招募了 6006 人（应答率为 72%），其中 5981 人符合本研究条件。甲状腺疾病的患病率为 9%，其中 0.4%与甲状腺功能亢进症有关，8.6%与甲状腺功能减退症有关。女性（14.9%）的甲状腺疾病患病率高于男性（2.7%）（p<0.001）。在曾经碘缺乏的地区，甲状腺疾病的发生率最高。随着饮酒量的增加，甲状腺疾病的患病率呈下降趋势。甲状腺疾病与男性的焦虑有关。多变量回归分析显示，年龄、地理区域和吸烟与甲状腺疾病有关。
希腊的甲状腺疾病患病率在女性中较高。年龄、习惯和地理区域的特征决定了希腊甲状腺疾病的分布。
