School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2023 Feb;201(2):529-538. doi: 10.1007/s12011-022-03165-y. Epub 2022 Mar 5.
Hispanics/Latinos have higher rates of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the origins of these disparities are poorly understood. Environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including some metals and metalloids, are implicated as diabetes risk factors. Data indicate that Hispanics/Latinos may be disproportionately exposed to EDCs, yet they remain understudied with respect to environmental exposures and diabetes. The objective of this study is to determine how metal exposures contribute to T2D progression by evaluating the associations between 8 urinary metals and measures of glycemic status in 414 normoglycemic or prediabetic adults living in Starr County, Texas, a Hispanic/Latino community with high rates of diabetes and diabetes-associated mortality. We used multivariable linear regression to quantify the differences in homeostatic model assessments for pancreatic β-cell function, insulin resistance, and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, HOMA-S, respectively), plasma insulin, plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) associated with increasing urinary metal concentrations. Quantile-based g-computation was utilized to assess mixture effects. After multivariable adjustment, urinary arsenic and molybdenum were associated with lower HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, and plasma insulin levels and higher HOMA-S. Additionally, higher urinary copper levels were associated with a reduced HOMA-β. Lastly, a higher concentration of the 8 metal mixtures was associated with lower HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, and plasma insulin levels as well as higher HOMA-S. Our data indicate that arsenic, molybdenum, copper, and this metal mixture are associated with alterations in measures of glucose homeostasis among non-diabetics in Starr County. This study is one of the first to comprehensively evaluate associations of urinary metals with glycemic measures in a high-risk Mexican American population.
西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群的 2 型糖尿病（T2D）发病率较高，这些差异的起源尚不清楚。环境内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs），包括一些金属和类金属，被认为是糖尿病的危险因素。有数据表明，西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群可能面临不成比例的 EDC 暴露，但针对他们的环境暴露与糖尿病之间的关系，研究仍相对较少。本研究旨在通过评估 414 名居住在得克萨斯州 Starr 县的血糖正常或糖尿病前期成年人的 8 种尿金属与血糖状态指标之间的关联，确定金属暴露如何通过评估胰岛β细胞功能、胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素敏感性的稳态模型评估（HOMA-β、HOMA-IR 和 HOMA-S）、血浆胰岛素、血浆葡萄糖和血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）之间的关系来促进 T2D 的进展，该研究社区的糖尿病发病率和与糖尿病相关的死亡率均较高。我们使用多元线性回归来量化与尿金属浓度升高相关的 HOME-β、HOMA-IR 和胰岛素敏感性（分别为 HOMA-β、HOMA-IR 和 HOMA-S）、血浆胰岛素、血浆葡萄糖和血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）差异。基于分位数的 g 计算被用来评估混合物的效应。经过多变量调整后，尿砷和钼与较低的 HOMA-β、HOMA-IR 和血浆胰岛素水平以及较高的 HOMA-S 相关。此外，较高的尿铜水平与 HOMA-β 降低相关。最后，较高浓度的 8 种金属混合物与较低的 HOMA-β、HOMA-IR 和血浆胰岛素水平以及较高的 HOMA-S 相关。我们的数据表明，砷、钼、铜和该金属混合物与 Starr 县非糖尿病患者的葡萄糖稳态指标的改变有关。这项研究是首次全面评估尿金属与高危墨西哥裔美国人人群中血糖指标相关性的研究之一。
