CESP: Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Sante des Populations, Paris, France.
Santé publique France, Saint Maurice, France.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2022 Mar;83(2):169-174.
The measures put in place to contain the coronavirus epidemic in France have led to fears of a massive increase in the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.
Taking advantage of an ongoing weekly Internet survey monitoring living conditions of the French population during the containment, we introduced questions on alcohol and tobacco use 1 month after the start of the first containment. Analyses were conducted with multivariate Poisson regressions.
Tobacco consumption remained almost unchanged. By contrast, more than a third of French people did change their weekly alcohol intake: 13% increased it, whereas 21% decreased it, indicating that the containment measures were often taken as an opportunity to reduce alcohol consumption, especially among those who drank less than 4 days per week before. Men were more likely to decrease their alcohol intake and less likely to increase it than women, probably because of a differential impact of the reduction of social activities on gendered social roles. The people most affected were smokers and those living in a dwelling in which someone had been infected, including themselves.
The crisis tended to polarize alcohol consumption toward extremes. If the new drinking habits were to continue, the consequences could be beneficial for occasional drinkers but harmful for heavier drinkers.
法国为遏制新冠病毒疫情而采取的措施引发了人们对酒精、烟草和其他药物消费大幅增加的担忧。
利用正在进行的每周互联网调查，监测法国在封城期间的生活状况，我们在封城开始 1 个月后引入了关于酒精和烟草使用的问题。采用多变量泊松回归进行分析。
烟草消费几乎保持不变。相比之下，超过三分之一的法国人改变了他们的每周饮酒量：13%的人增加了饮酒量，而 21%的人减少了饮酒量，这表明封城措施经常被视为减少饮酒的机会，尤其是那些在封城前每周饮酒不足 4 天的人。男性比女性更有可能减少饮酒量，而不太可能增加饮酒量，这可能是因为社交活动减少对性别角色的影响不同。受影响最大的是吸烟者和居住在有感染者（包括感染者自己）的住所中的人。
这场危机使饮酒习惯两极分化。如果新的饮酒习惯持续下去，偶尔饮酒者可能会受益，而重度饮酒者可能会受害。
