Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju-SE, Brazil.
Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Jun;107:108624. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108624. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the human central nervous system, and they play an important role in the regulation of neuronal physiology. In neurological disorders, astrocyte disintegration leads to the release of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) from tissue into the bloodstream. Elevated serum levels of GFAP can serve as blood biomarkers, and a useful prognostic tool to facilitate the early diagnosis of several neurological diseases ranging from stroke to neurodegenerative disorders. This systematic review synthesizes studies published between January 2012 and September 2021 that used GFAP as a potential blood biomarker to detect neurological disorders. The following electronic databases were accessed: MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. In all the databases, the following search strategy was used: ¨GFAP¨ OR ¨glial fibrillary acidic protein¨ AND ¨neurological¨ OR ¨neurodegenerative¨ AND ¨plasma¨ OR ¨serum¨. The initial search identified 1152 articles. After the exclusion criteria were applied, 48 publications that reported GFAP levels in neurological disorders were identified. A total of16 different neurological disorders that have plasmatic GFAP levels as a possible biomarker for the disease were described in the articles, being: multiple sclerosis, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, COVID-19, epileptic seizures, Wilson Disease, diabetic ketoacidosis, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, major depressive disorder, glioblastoma, spinal cord injury, asthma, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and Friedreich's ataxia. Our review shows an association between GFAP levels and the disease being studied, suggesting that elevated GFAP levels are a potentially valuable diagnostic biomarker in the evaluation of different neurological diseases.
星形胶质细胞是人类中枢神经系统中最丰富的细胞类型，它们在调节神经元生理方面起着重要作用。在神经疾病中，星形胶质细胞解体导致胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (GFAP) 从组织释放到血液中。血清 GFAP 水平升高可作为血液生物标志物，是一种有用的预后工具，有助于早期诊断从中风到神经退行性疾病等多种神经疾病。本系统综述综合了 2012 年 1 月至 2021 年 9 月期间发表的使用 GFAP 作为潜在血液生物标志物检测神经疾病的研究。检索了以下电子数据库：MEDLINE、Scopus 和 Web of Science。在所有数据库中，均使用以下搜索策略：“GFAP”或“胶质纤维酸性蛋白”和“神经”或“神经退行性”和“血浆”或“血清”。初步搜索确定了 1152 篇文章。应用排除标准后，确定了 48 篇报告神经疾病中 GFAP 水平的出版物。文章中描述了 16 种不同的神经疾病，其血浆 GFAP 水平可能是疾病的生物标志物，分别为：多发性硬化症、额颞叶痴呆、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、COVID-19、癫痫发作、威尔逊病、糖尿病酮症酸中毒、精神分裂症、自闭症谱系障碍、重度抑郁症、胶质母细胞瘤、脊髓损伤、哮喘、视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍和弗里德里希共济失调。我们的综述表明 GFAP 水平与所研究的疾病之间存在关联，表明升高的 GFAP 水平可能是评估不同神经疾病的有价值的诊断生物标志物。
