Samadzadeh Sara, Sleator Roy D
Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.
Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
eNeurologicalSci. 2025 Jan 6;38:100550. doi: 10.1016/j.ensci.2025.100550. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Fluid biomarkers such as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Neurofilament Light (NfL) play important roles in the diagnosis, monitoring, and evaluation of therapeutic responses in conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Aquaporin-4 Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4-NMOSD). These biomarkers offer key insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of these diseases, enabling effective follow-up and personalized treatment approaches, which are essential for improving patient outcomes. Herein, we synthesize the structural attributes, functional roles, and clinical significance of GFAP and NfL in the context of MS and AQP4-NMOSD. We explore the critical implications of these biomarkers in disease manifestation and progression, emphasizing the necessity to develop standardized methodologies and multicentric studies to confirm their clinical applicability.
胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和神经丝轻链（NfL）等体液生物标志物在多发性硬化症（MS）和水通道蛋白4视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（AQP4-NMOSD）等疾病的诊断、监测和治疗反应评估中发挥着重要作用。这些生物标志物为这些疾病的潜在病理生理机制提供了关键见解，有助于实现有效的随访和个性化治疗方法，这对改善患者预后至关重要。在此，我们综合阐述了GFAP和NfL在MS和AQP4-NMOSD背景下的结构特性、功能作用及临床意义。我们探讨了这些生物标志物在疾病表现和进展中的关键影响，强调了开发标准化方法和多中心研究以确认其临床适用性的必要性。
