State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100083, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jun 25;827:154318. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154318. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are toxic to the ecological environment. The emission of VOCs into the atmosphere has already caused attention. However, few studies focus on their regional effects on soil. As a major VOCs source in China, research on the effect of petrochemical industry on the environment is urgent and essential for regional control and industrial layout. This study established national VOCs emission inventory of five petrochemical sub-industries and spatial distribution based on consumption of raw material or products' yield and 28,888 factories. The VOCs emissions showed continuously increasing trend from 2008 to 2019, with cumulative 1.83 × 10 t, wherein these from rapid economic development zones accounted for 66.10%. The detected concentrations of VOCs in various industries combined with meteorological parameters were used in Resistance Model to quantify regional dry deposition. Higher concentrations of 111 VOC species were 238.27, 260.01, 207.54 μg·m from large-scale enterprises for crude oil and natural gas extraction, oil processing, synthetic rubber and resin, leading to higher deposition ratios of 0.81%-0.94%, 0.70%-0.81%, 1.50%-1.75% in rapid economic development zones, respectively. The regional climate condition played a dominant role. Annual VOCs dry deposition amount in rapid economic development zones was calculated to be totally 6.38 × 10 t using obtained deposition ratios and emissions, with 3.21 × 10 t in Bohai Economic Rim (BER), 2.42 × 10 t in Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), 748.43 t in Pearl River Delta (PRD). Generally, crude oil and natural gas extraction, oil processing, synthetic rubber and resin contributed 13.09%, 57.77% and 29.14%, respectively. The proportion of synthetic rubber and resin for dry deposition increased by 5.04%-18.81% compared with VOCs emissions in BER and YREB. In contrast, it declined from 45.52% for emission to 29.86% for deposition due to absolute dominance of small-scale enterprises in PRD. Overall, VOCs control from oil processing was significant, especially in BER.
挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）对生态环境有毒。VOCs 排放到大气中已经引起了关注。然而，很少有研究关注它们对土壤的区域性影响。作为中国主要的 VOCs 来源之一，研究石化行业对环境的影响对于区域控制和工业布局至关重要。本研究基于原材料消耗或产品产量和 28888 家工厂，建立了全国五个石化子行业的 VOCs 排放清单及其空间分布。2008 年至 2019 年，VOCs 排放量呈持续上升趋势，累计排放量为 1.83×10t，其中经济快速发展区占 66.10%。结合气象参数，对各行业检测到的 VOCs 浓度进行了阻力模型量化，定量了区域干沉降。从大型企业检测到的 111 种 VOC 物质浓度较高，分别为原油和天然气开采、石油加工、合成橡胶和树脂的 238.27、260.01、207.54μg·m，导致经济快速发展区的沉积比分别为 0.81%-0.94%、0.70%-0.81%、1.50%-1.75%。区域气候条件起主导作用。利用获得的沉积比和排放量，计算经济快速发展区每年 VOCs 干沉降量为 6.38×10t，其中渤海经济带（BER）3.21×10t，长江经济带（YREB）2.42×10t，珠江三角洲（PRD）748.43t。总的来说，原油和天然气开采、石油加工、合成橡胶和树脂分别占 13.09%、57.77%和 29.14%。与 BER 和 YREB 的 VOCs 排放量相比，经济快速发展区和长江经济带的合成橡胶和树脂干沉降比例分别增加了 5.04%-18.81%。相比之下，由于 PRD 中小规模企业的绝对主导地位，其排放量从 45.52%下降到 29.86%。总体而言，石油加工行业的 VOCs 控制效果显著，尤其是在渤海经济带。
