Tian Yang, Wang Dongmei, Fan Fusheng, Yang Yin, Fu Fabing, Wei Dejun, Tang Shanshan, Chen Jiajing, Du Yuxuan, Zhu Rongrong, Li Yuqing, Wang Li, Zhang Xiangyang
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Jul 13;117:110543. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110543. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
To date, the pattern of heroin- and methamphetamine-induced cognitive impairment is unclear, especially in the Chinese population. The aim of this study was to compare the similarity and heterogeneity of cognitive impairment between heroin and methamphetamine-dependent patients and to link cognitive impairment to drug-related variables.
567 pure methamphetamine patients, 78 pure heroin patients and 201 healthy volunteers participated in this study. The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) was used to assess cognitive function including immediate memory, visuospatial/constructional index, language, attention, delayed memory, and total scores.
Methamphetamine-dependent and heroin-dependent patients performed significantly worse on all RBANS subtest and total scores (all p < 0.05). Moreover, methamphetamine-dependent patients had more delayed memory impairment than heroin-dependent patients (p = 0.02). In addition, some drug-related variables, such as duration of abstinence, age at first drug use, and duration of drug use, were independently associated with memory and visuospatial/constructional index in methamphetamine patients (all p < 0.05). In contrast, none of the drug-related variables were associated with cognitive performance in heroin patients (all p > 0.05).
Chronic heroin and methamphetamine patients may exhibit different patterns of cognitive deficits.
迄今为止，海洛因和甲基苯丙胺所致认知障碍的模式尚不清楚，尤其是在中国人群中。本研究的目的是比较海洛因依赖患者和甲基苯丙胺依赖患者认知障碍的异同，并将认知障碍与药物相关变量联系起来。
567名单纯甲基苯丙胺患者、78名单纯海洛因患者和201名健康志愿者参与了本研究。使用可重复神经心理状态评估量表（RBANS）评估认知功能，包括即刻记忆、视觉空间/结构指数、语言、注意力、延迟记忆和总分。
甲基苯丙胺依赖患者和海洛因依赖患者在所有RBANS子测验和总分上的表现均显著较差（所有p<0.05）。此外，甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的延迟记忆障碍比海洛因依赖患者更多（p=0.02）。此外，一些药物相关变量，如禁欲时间、首次使用药物的年龄和用药时间，与甲基苯丙胺患者的记忆和视觉空间/结构指数独立相关（所有p<0.05）。相比之下，没有一个药物相关变量与海洛因患者的认知表现相关（所有p>0.05）。
慢性海洛因和甲基苯丙胺患者可能表现出不同模式的认知缺陷。
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