Ren Xiu-Long, Hu Wei, Wu Chun-Miao, Hu Si-Hao, Gao Na-Na, Zhang Chong-Chong, Yue Liang, Wang Jin-Xi, Fan Jing-Sen, Niu Hong-Ya
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China.
School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2022 Mar 8;43(3):1159-1169. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202107166.
In order to explore the chemical composition and source profiles of atmospheric particulate matter in winter in the northern area of Handan, a heavily polluted city in the southern part of North China, PM and PM samples were collected and analyzed from November 23 to December 12, 2020. During the observation period, the daily average (PM)and (PM) were 114.53 μg·m and 124.25 μg·m, respectively, and the ratio of PM/PM was 83.3%-95.3%, which was significantly higher than those of other cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, indicating that air pollution of fine particulate matter, especially sub-micron particulate matter, was more serious in Handan. Compared with that during clean days, SNA (SO, NO, and NH) in PM increased by 14.5% during heavy pollution, and SNA in PM increased by 15.2%; the nitrogen oxidation rate (NOR) in particular increased by three times on heavy pollution days. With the deepening of pollution, the proportion of secondary organic carbon (SOC) in PM and PM increased by 22.0% and 12.5%, respectively. SOC tended to accumulate in small particles, whereas the proportion of primary organic carbon (POC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM decreased by 15.4% and 6.6%, and the POC and EC in PM decreased by 8.2% and 4.3%, respectively. The above results indicated that secondary formation played an important role in the heavy pollution of particulate matter. With the aggravation of air pollution, the liquid water content of the particles increased, and both the sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR) and nitrogen oxidation ratio (NOR) increased, indicating that the aqueous phase chemical reaction made an important contribution to the formation of secondary inorganics. With the deepening of pollution, inorganic elements were on the rise; Se, As, Pb, and Zn were highly enriched in inorganic elements. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that secondary formation, industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and biomass burning emissions were the main sources of particulate pollutants. The results of potential source contribution factor analysis (PSCF) showed that the high value areas of SO, NO, EC, OC, and inorganic elements were mainly from the north and southwest directions of the observation area.
为探究华北南部重污染城市邯郸北部地区冬季大气颗粒物的化学组成和来源特征，于2020年11月23日至12月12日采集并分析了PM和PM样本。观测期间，日均（PM）和（PM）分别为114.53μg·m和124.25μg·m，PM/PM比值为83.3%-95.3%，显著高于京津冀地区其他城市，表明邯郸细颗粒物尤其是亚微米颗粒物的空气污染更为严重。与清洁日相比，重污染期间PM中的SNA（SO、NO和NH）增加了14.5%，PM中的SNA增加了15.2%；特别是氮氧化率（NOR）在重污染日增加了两倍。随着污染加剧，PM和PM中二次有机碳（SOC）的比例分别增加了22.0%和12.5%。SOC倾向于在小颗粒中积累，而PM中一次有机碳（POC）和元素碳（EC）的比例分别下降了15.4%和6.6%，PM中的POC和EC分别下降了8.2%和4.3%。上述结果表明二次生成在颗粒物重污染中起重要作用。随着空气污染加剧，颗粒物的液态水含量增加，硫氧化率（SOR）和氮氧化率（NOR）均升高，表明水相化学反应对二次无机物的形成有重要贡献。随着污染加深，无机元素呈上升趋势；Se、As、Pb和Zn在无机元素中高度富集。主成分分析（PCA）结果表明，二次生成、工业排放、汽车尾气和生物质燃烧排放是颗粒物污染物的主要来源。潜在源贡献因子分析（PSCF）结果表明，SO、NO、EC、OC和无机元素的高值区主要来自观测区域的北部和西南部方向。
