Center for Ecological Research & Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Center for Ecological Research & Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2021 Jan;99:196-209. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.06.027. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
The submicron particulate matter (PM) and fine particulate matter (PM) are very important due to their greater adverse impacts on the natural environment and human health. In this study, the daily PM and PM samples were collected during early summer 2018 at a sub-urban site in the urban-industrial port city of Tianjin, China. The collected samples were analyzed for the carbonaceous fractions, inorganic ions, elemental species, and specific marker sugar species. The chemical characterization of PM and PM was based on their concentrations, compositions, and characteristic ratios (PM/PM, AE/CE, NO/SO, OC/EC, SOC/OC, OM/TCA, K+/EC, levoglucosan/K, V/Cu, and V/Ni). The average concentrations of PM and PM were 32.4 µg/m and 53.3 µg/m, and PM constituted 63% of PM on average. The source apportionment of PM and PM by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model indicated the main sources of secondary aerosols (25% and 34%), biomass burning (17% and 20%), traffic emission (20% and 14%), and coal combustion (17% and 14%). The biomass burning factor involved agricultural fertilization and waste incineration. The biomass burning and primary biogenic contributions were determined by specific marker sugar species. The anthropogenic sources (combustion, secondary particle formation, etc) contributed significantly to PM and PM, and the natural sources were more evident in PM. This work significantly contributes to the chemical characterization and source apportionment of PM and PM in near-port cities influenced by the diverse sources.
亚微米颗粒物（PM）和细颗粒物（PM）非常重要，因为它们对自然环境和人类健康的负面影响更大。本研究于 2018 年初夏在天津市城区-工业区港口城市的郊区站点采集了 PM 和 PM 日均值样品。采集的样品分析了碳质组分、无机离子、元素物种和特定标记糖物种。基于浓度、组成和特征比（PM/PM、AE/CE、NO/SO、OC/EC、SOC/OC、OM/TCA、K+/EC、左旋葡聚糖/K、V/Cu 和 V/Ni）对 PM 和 PM 进行了化学特征描述。PM 和 PM 的平均浓度分别为 32.4μg/m 和 53.3μg/m，PM 平均占 PM 的 63%。正定矩阵因子（PMF）模型对 PM 和 PM 的源解析表明，二次气溶胶（25%和 34%）、生物质燃烧（17%和 20%）、交通排放（20%和 14%）和煤炭燃烧（17%和 14%）是主要来源。生物质燃烧源包括农业施肥和废物焚烧。生物质燃烧和原生生物源由特定的标记糖物种确定。人为源（燃烧、二次粒子形成等）对 PM 和 PM 有显著贡献，而自然源在 PM 中更为明显。本工作对受多种源影响的港口城市近区 PM 和 PM 的化学特征描述和源解析有重要意义。
