Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, Washington D.C. 20052, United States.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Apr 5;56(7):4295-4304. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00885. Epub 2022 Mar 9.
To address the challenge of the airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2, photosensitized electrospun nanofibrous membranes were fabricated to effectively capture and inactivate coronavirus aerosols. With an ultrafine fiber diameter (∼200 nm) and a small pore size (∼1.5 μm), optimized membranes caught 99.2% of the aerosols of the murine hepatitis virus A59 (MHV-A59), a coronavirus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2. In addition, rose bengal was used as the photosensitizer for membranes because of its excellent reactivity in generating virucidal singlet oxygen, and the membranes rapidly inactivated 97.1% of MHV-A59 in virus-laden droplets only after 15 min irradiation of simulated reading light. Singlet oxygen damaged the virus genome and impaired virus binding to host cells, which elucidated the mechanism of disinfection at a molecular level. Membrane robustness was also evaluated, and in general, the performance of virus filtration and disinfection was maintained in artificial saliva and for long-term use. Only sunlight exposure photobleached membranes, reduced singlet oxygen production, and compromised the performance of virus disinfection. In summary, photosensitized electrospun nanofibrous membranes have been developed to capture and kill airborne environmental pathogens under ambient conditions, and they hold promise for broad applications as personal protective equipment and indoor air filters.
为了解决 SARS-CoV-2 空气传播的挑战，制备了光敏电纺纳米纤维膜以有效捕获和灭活冠状病毒气溶胶。优化后的膜具有超细纤维直径（约 200nm）和小孔径（约 1.5μm），可捕获 99.2%的小鼠肝炎病毒 A59（MHV-A59）气溶胶，MHV-A59 是 SARS-CoV-2 的冠状病毒替代物。此外，由于孟加拉玫瑰红在生成具有杀病毒作用的单线态氧方面具有优异的反应性，因此将其用作膜中的光敏剂，并且仅在模拟阅读光照射 15 分钟后，载有病毒的液滴中的 MHV-A59 迅速被灭活了 97.1%。单线态氧破坏了病毒基因组并损害了病毒与宿主细胞的结合，这从分子水平阐明了消毒的机制。还评估了膜的坚固性，总体而言，在人工唾液中和长期使用中，病毒过滤和消毒的性能得以维持。只有阳光照射会使膜光漂白，降低单线态氧的产生，并损害病毒消毒的性能。总之，已经开发出光敏电纺纳米纤维膜以在环境条件下捕获和杀死空气传播的环境病原体，它们有望作为个人防护设备和室内空气过滤器得到广泛应用。
