Liu Yi, Gui Zhiguo, Liu Jialei
School of Information and Communication Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS, Beijing 100081, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 22;14(5):851. doi: 10.3390/polym14050851.
As new fluorescent materials, light wavelength conversion materials (light conversion agents) have attracted increasing attention from scientific researchers and agricultural materials companies due to their potential advantages in efficiently utilizing solar energy and increasing crop yield. According to the material properties, the light conversion agents can be divided into fluorescent dyes, organic rare-earth complexes, and inorganic rare-earth complexes. The current researches indicates that the fluorescent dyes have relatively high production costs, poor light stability, difficult degradation processes, and easily cause pollution to the ecological environment. The organic rare-earth complexes have short luminescence times, high production costs, and suffer from rapid decreases in luminescence intensity. Compared with fluorescent dyes and organic rare-earth complexes, although rare-earth inorganic complexes have high luminous efficiency, stable chemical properties, and better spectral matching performance, the existing inorganic light conversion agents have relatively poor dispersibility in agricultural films. According to the research on light conversion agents at home and abroad in recent years, this paper first introduces the three common light conversion agents, namely fluorescent dyes, organic rare-earth complexes, and inorganic rare-earth complexes, as well as their uses in agricultural films and their mechanisms of light conversion. At the same time, the preparation methods, advantages, disadvantages, and existing problems of various light conversion agents are classified and explained. Finally, we predict the development trends for light conversion agents in the future by considering six aspects, namely efficiency, cost, compatibility with greenhouse films, light matching, and light transmittance, in order to provide a reference for the preparation of stable and efficient light conversion agent materials.
作为新型荧光材料，光波长转换材料（光转换剂）因其在高效利用太阳能和提高作物产量方面的潜在优势，已引起科研人员和农用材料公司越来越多的关注。根据材料特性，光转换剂可分为荧光染料、有机稀土配合物和无机稀土配合物。目前的研究表明，荧光染料生产成本较高、光稳定性差、降解过程困难，且容易对生态环境造成污染。有机稀土配合物发光时间短、生产成本高，且发光强度迅速下降。与荧光染料和有机稀土配合物相比，稀土无机配合物虽然发光效率高、化学性质稳定且光谱匹配性能较好，但现有的无机光转换剂在农用薄膜中的分散性相对较差。根据近年来国内外对光转换剂的研究，本文首先介绍了三种常见的光转换剂，即荧光染料、有机稀土配合物和无机稀土配合物，以及它们在农用薄膜中的用途和光转换机理。同时，对各种光转换剂的制备方法、优缺点及存在的问题进行了分类阐述。最后，从效率、成本、与温室薄膜的相容性、光匹配性和透光率六个方面对光转换剂未来的发展趋势进行了预测，以期为制备稳定高效的光转换剂材料提供参考。
