Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
SEPLIN Soluciones Estadísticas, S.L., 18004 Granada, Spain.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 5;14(5):1090. doi: 10.3390/nu14051090.
β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB), a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine, has been shown to preserve muscle mass and strength during aging. The signaling mechanism by which HMB elicits its favorable effects on protein metabolism in skeletal muscle is also preserved in the brain. However, there are only a few studies, all at relatively high doses, addressing the effect of HMB supplementation on cognition. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of HMB on the potentiation of hippocampal synapses following the experimental induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus of behaving rats, as well as on working memory test (delayed matching-to-position, DMTP) in mice. HMB doses in rats were 225 (low), 450 (medium), and 900 (high) mg/kg body weight/day and were double in mice. Rats who received medium or high HMB doses improved LTP, suggesting that HMB administration enhances mechanisms related to neuronal plasticity. In the DMTP test, mice that received any of the tested doses of HMB performed better than the control group in the overall test with particularities depending on the dose and the task phase.
β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸（HMB）是必需氨基酸亮氨酸的代谢物，已被证明可以在衰老过程中保持肌肉质量和力量。HMB 对骨骼肌蛋白质代谢产生有利影响的信号机制在大脑中也得到了保留。然而，只有少数研究（均在较高剂量下进行）探讨了 HMB 补充对认知的影响。本研究评估了不同剂量的 HMB 对行为大鼠海马长时程增强（LTP）实验诱导后海马突触增强的影响，以及对小鼠工作记忆测试（延迟匹配位置，DMTP）的影响。大鼠的 HMB 剂量分别为 225（低）、450（中）和 900（高）mg/kg 体重/天，而小鼠的剂量加倍。接受中或高 HMB 剂量的大鼠改善了 LTP，表明 HMB 给药增强了与神经元可塑性相关的机制。在 DMTP 测试中，接受任何测试剂量 HMB 的小鼠在整个测试中表现优于对照组，具体取决于剂量和任务阶段。
