Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50-CP 160/08, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Nouveaux, Université de Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
Molecules. 2022 Feb 24;27(5):1541. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051541.
Due to their optical and electrochemical properties, ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes have been used in a wide array of applications. Since the discovery of the light-switch ON effect of [Ru(bpy)dppz] when interacting with DNA, the design of new Ru(II) complexes as light-up probes for specific regions of DNA has been intensively explored. Amongst them, G-quadruplexes (G4s) are of particular interest. These structures formed by guanine-rich parts of DNA and RNA may be associated with a wide range of biological events. However, locating them and understanding their implications in biological pathways has proven challenging. Elegant approaches to tackle this challenge relies on the use of photoprobes capable of marking, reversibly or irreversibly, these G4s. Indeed, Ru(II) complexes containing ancillary π-deficient TAP ligands can create a covalently linked adduct with G4s after a photoinduced electron transfer from a guanine residue to the excited complex. Through careful design of the ligands, high selectivity of interaction with G4 structures can be achieved. This allows the creation of specific Ru(II) light-up probes and photoreactive agents for G4 labelling, which is at the core of this review composed of an introduction dedicated to a brief description of G-quadruplex structures and two main sections. The first one will provide a general picture of ligands and metal complexes interacting with G4s. The second one will focus on an exhaustive and comprehensive overview of the interactions and (photo)reactions of Ru(II) complexes with G4s.
由于其光学和电化学性质，钌(II) 多吡啶配合物在广泛的应用中得到了应用。自从发现 [Ru(bpy)dppz] 与 DNA 相互作用时的光开关 ON 效应以来，人们一直在积极探索设计新的 Ru(II) 配合物作为 DNA 特定区域的点亮探针。其中，G-四链体（G4s）特别受关注。这些由富含鸟嘌呤的 DNA 和 RNA 部分形成的结构可能与广泛的生物事件有关。然而，定位它们并了解它们在生物途径中的意义一直具有挑战性。解决这一挑战的优雅方法依赖于使用能够标记这些 G4s 的光探针，这些探针可以是可逆的或不可逆的。实际上，含有辅助 π 缺陷 TAP 配体的 Ru(II) 配合物可以在从鸟嘌呤残基到激发态配合物的光诱导电子转移后，与 G4 形成共价键加合物。通过对配体的精心设计，可以实现与 G4 结构的高选择性相互作用。这允许创建具有高选择性的 Ru(II) 点亮探针和光反应性试剂，用于 G4 标记，这是本篇综述的核心，由一个简要介绍 G-四链体结构的引言和两个主要部分组成。第一部分将提供与 G4 相互作用的配体和金属配合物的总体概述。第二部分将重点介绍 Ru(II) 配合物与 G4 的相互作用和（光）反应的详尽而全面的综述。
