Department of Wine Science, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
Molecules. 2022 Mar 3;27(5):1667. doi: 10.3390/molecules27051667.
When bushfires occur near wine regions, grapevine exposure to smoke can taint grapes due to the uptake of smoke-derived volatile compounds that can subsequently impart unpleasant smoky, medicinal, burnt rubber and ashy characters to wine. Whereas early research sought to understand the effects of smoke on grapevine physiology, and grape and wine chemistry, research efforts have shifted towards the strategic imperative for effective mitigation strategies. This study evaluated the extent to which excised grape bunches could be reproducibly tainted during smoke exposure in a purpose-built 'smoke box'. The volatile phenol composition of grapes exposed to smoke for 30 min was similar to that of smoke-affected grapes from field trials involving grapevine exposure to smoke. Some variation was observed between replicate smoke treatments, but implementing appropriate controls and experimental replication enabled the smoke box to be used to successfully evaluate the efficacy of several agrochemical sprays and protective coverings as methods for mitigating the smoke exposure of grapes. Whereas the agrochemical sprays did not provide effective protection from smoke, enclosing grape bunches in activated carbon fabric prevented the uptake of up to 98% of the smoke-derived volatile phenols observed in smoke-affected grapes. As such, the study demonstrated not only a convenient, efficient approach to smoke taint research that overcomes the constraints associated with vineyard-based field trials, but also a promising new strategy for preventing smoke taint.
当森林大火发生在葡萄酒产区附近时，葡萄藤会因吸收烟雾中的挥发性化合物而受到污染，这些化合物随后会给葡萄酒带来不愉快的烟熏、药草、烧焦橡胶和灰烬等味道。早期的研究旨在了解烟雾对葡萄藤生理和葡萄及葡萄酒化学的影响，而研究工作已经转向寻找有效的缓解策略的战略必要性。本研究评估了在专门设计的“烟雾箱”中，葡萄串在烟雾暴露下被重复污染的程度。暴露于烟雾 30 分钟的葡萄的挥发性酚类化合物组成与涉及葡萄藤暴露于烟雾的田间试验中受烟雾影响的葡萄相似。在重复的烟雾处理之间观察到一些差异，但通过实施适当的对照和实验重复，烟雾箱能够成功评估几种农用化学品喷雾和保护覆盖物作为减轻葡萄烟雾暴露的方法的效果。尽管农用化学品喷雾并不能有效地提供保护，但将葡萄串包裹在活性炭织物中可以防止吸收高达 98%的烟雾影响葡萄中的烟雾衍生挥发性酚类化合物。因此，该研究不仅展示了一种方便、高效的烟雾污染研究方法，克服了与葡萄园田间试验相关的限制，还为防止烟雾污染提供了一种有前途的新策略。
