Zhang Shenfeng, Chen Jun, Zheng Jixin, Chen Xin, Xu Hongbo, Petrescu Florian Ion Tiberiu, Ungureanu Liviu Marian, Li Ying, Shi Gang
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin 150001, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Mar 3;12(5):859. doi: 10.3390/nano12050859.
The traditional hydrophobic solarevaporator is generally obtained through the modification of alkyl or fluoroalkyl on the photothermal membrane. However, the modified groups can easily be oxidized in the long-term use process, resulting in the poor salt resistance and stability of photothermal membrane. In order to solve this problem, a simple polypyrrole/polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, consisting of an intrinsic hydrophobic support (polyvinylidene fluoride) and a photothermal material (polypyrrole), was fabricated by ultrasonically mixing and immersed precipitation. This photothermal membrane showed good self-floating ability in the process of water evaporation. In order to further improve the photothermal conversion efficiency, a micropyramid structure with antireflective ability was formed on the surface of membrane by template method. The micropyramids can enhance the absorption efficiency of incident light. The water evaporation rate reached 1.42 kg m h under 1 sun irradiation, and the photothermal conversion efficiency was 88.7%. The hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride ensures that NaCl cannot enter into membrane during the evaporation process of the brine, thus realizing the stability and salt resistance of polypyrrole/polyvinylidene fluoride in 3.5%wt and 10%wt NaCl solution.
传统的疏水太阳能蒸发器通常是通过在光热膜上修饰烷基或氟烷基来获得的。然而，修饰基团在长期使用过程中容易被氧化，导致光热膜的耐盐性和稳定性较差。为了解决这个问题，通过超声混合和浸没沉淀制备了一种简单的聚吡咯/聚偏氟乙烯膜，该膜由本征疏水支撑体（聚偏氟乙烯）和光热材料（聚吡咯）组成。这种光热膜在水蒸发过程中表现出良好的自漂浮能力。为了进一步提高光热转换效率，通过模板法在膜表面形成了具有抗反射能力的微金字塔结构。微金字塔可以提高入射光的吸收效率。在1个太阳光照下，水蒸发速率达到1.42 kg m⁻² h⁻¹，光热转换效率为88.7%。疏水性的聚偏氟乙烯确保了在盐水蒸发过程中氯化钠不会进入膜内，从而实现了聚吡咯/聚偏氟乙烯在3.5%wt和10%wt氯化钠溶液中的稳定性和耐盐性。
