Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28 Av., 30059 Krakow, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 4;19(5):3014. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19053014.
Many chemical compounds can inhibit the nitrification process, especially organic compounds used in the chemical industry. This results in a decrease in the nitrification intensity or even a complete termination of this process. As the technological design of the selected municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) assumed the dephosphation process, without taking into account nitrification, it was necessary to reduce the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in the treated sewage supplied to the Vistula River. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the inhibition of nitrification in the activated sludge method under the influence of industrial wastewater from the production of various organic compounds and to select the most toxic wastewater in relation to nitrifiers. The assessment of nitrification inhibition was carried out on the basis of the method of short-term (4-h) impact of the tested sewage on nitrifying bacteria in the activated sludge. The research covered nine different types of chemical sewage, including wastewater from the production of synthetic rubbers, styrene plastics, adhesives, solvents and emulsifiers. The nitrification process was inhibited to the highest degree by wastewater from the production of styrene-butadiene rubbers (72%). Only wastewater from the production of methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate) had the lowest degree of inhibition: 16%. These wastewaters also have a toxic effect on the entire biocenosis and adversely affect the structure of activated sludge flocs. The attempts to filter toxic wastewater through the ash basins significantly relieved the inhibition of nitrification.
许多化学化合物可以抑制硝化过程，特别是用于化学工业的有机化合物。这导致硝化强度降低，甚至完全停止这个过程。由于所选城市和工业废水处理厂（WWTP）的技术设计假定了除磷过程，而没有考虑硝化，因此有必要降低供应到维斯瓦河的处理污水中的铵氮浓度。因此，研究的目的是确定在工业废水的影响下，在活性污泥法中硝化的抑制作用，并选择对硝化菌最具毒性的废水。硝化抑制的评估是基于在短时间（4 小时）内测试污水对活性污泥中硝化细菌的影响的方法进行的。研究涵盖了九种不同类型的化学污水，包括合成橡胶、苯乙烯塑料、粘合剂、溶剂和乳化剂的生产废水。苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶（72%）生产废水对硝化过程的抑制程度最高。只有甲基丙烯酸酯（聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯）生产废水的抑制程度最低：16%。这些废水对整个生物群落也具有毒性作用，并对活性污泥絮体的结构产生不利影响。通过灰坑过滤有毒废水的尝试显著缓解了硝化抑制作用。
