International Health Policy Programme, Tiwanon Rd., Muang, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 28;14(3):589. doi: 10.3390/nu14030589.
This review aims to describe school nutrition interventions implemented in Asia and quantify their effects on school-aged children's nutritional status. We searched Web of Science, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Global Health, Econlit, APA PsycInfo, and Social Policy and Practice for English articles published from January 2000 to January 2021. We quantified the pooled effects of the interventions on the changes in body mass index (BMI) and body mass index z score (BAZ), overall and by type of intervention. In total, 28 articles were included for this review, of which 20 articles were multi-component interventions. Twenty-seven articles were childhood obesity studies and were included for meta-analysis. Overall, school nutrition interventions reduced school-aged children's BMI and BAZ. Multi-component interventions reduced the children's BMI and BAZ, whereas physical activity interventions reduced only BMI and nutrition education did not change BMI or BAZ. Overweight/obesity reduction interventions provided a larger effect than prevention interventions. Parental involvement and a healthy food provision did not strengthen school nutrition interventions, which may be due to an inadequate degree of implementation. These results suggested that school nutrition interventions should employ a holistic multi-component approach and ensure adequate stakeholder engagement as well as implementation to maximise the effects.
本综述旨在描述亚洲实施的学校营养干预措施，并量化其对学龄儿童营养状况的影响。我们在 Web of Science、Embase、Ovid MEDLINE、Global Health、Econlit、APA PsycInfo 和 Social Policy and Practice 中搜索了 2000 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月期间发表的英文文章。我们量化了干预措施对体重指数 (BMI) 和体重指数 z 分数 (BAZ) 变化的综合影响，总体和按干预类型进行了量化。本综述共纳入 28 篇文章，其中 20 篇为多组分干预措施。27 篇文章为儿童肥胖研究，并进行了荟萃分析。总体而言，学校营养干预措施降低了学龄儿童的 BMI 和 BAZ。多组分干预措施降低了儿童的 BMI 和 BAZ，而身体活动干预仅降低了 BMI，营养教育并未改变 BMI 或 BAZ。超重/肥胖预防干预措施的效果大于减少干预措施。家长参与和提供健康食品并没有加强学校营养干预措施，这可能是由于实施程度不足。这些结果表明，学校营养干预措施应采用整体的多组分方法，并确保充分的利益相关者参与以及实施，以最大限度地发挥效果。
