IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Via di Scandicci, 269, 50143, Florence, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Mar 12;22(1):194. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-02908-9.
Life expectancy has increased over the last century and a growing number of people is reaching age 90 years and over. However, data on nonagenarians' health trends are scarce due to difficulties in investigating this specific population. This study aims to identify risk factors for one-year mortality in nonagenarians using data collected within the "Mugello Study".
Complete information on sociodemographic data, cognitive and functional status, lifestyle, medical history, and drug use was collected from 433 nonagenarians, as well as information about survival after 1 year from the interview.
The sample included 314 women (72.5%) and 119 men (27.5%) with a median age of 92 years (range 90-99 years). The mortality rate was 20.3% (88 deaths). After adjustment for age and sex, a significantly higher risk of dying within 12 months was observed in individuals with more severe cognitive impairment (HR = 5.011, p < 0.001), more severe disability in basic activities of daily living (HR = 4.193, p < 0.001), sedentary lifestyle (HR = 3.367, p < 0.001), higher number of drugs assumed (HR = 1.118, p = 0.031), and kidney dysfunction (HR = 2.609, p = 0.004). When all the variables were included in the analysis, only older age (HR = 1.079, p = 0.048), lower cognitive function (HR = 2.859, p = 0.015), sedentary lifestyle (HR = 2.030, p = 0.026), and kidney dysfunction (HR = 2.322, p = 0.018) remained significantly associated with reduced survival.
Data from the Mugello study support the hypothesis that survival at 12 months in nonagenarians is not a stochastic process and that older age, reduced cognitive function, sedentary lifestyle, and the presence of kidney dysfunction are associated with mortality.
在上个世纪，预期寿命有所增加，越来越多的人达到 90 岁及以上。然而，由于调查这一特定人群存在困难，关于 90 岁以上人群健康趋势的数据仍然很少。本研究旨在利用“Mugello 研究”中收集的数据，确定 90 岁以上人群一年死亡率的相关因素。
从 433 名 90 岁以上的老年人中收集了完整的社会人口统计学数据、认知和功能状态、生活方式、病史和药物使用信息，以及从访谈之日起一年后的生存信息。
该样本包括 314 名女性（72.5%）和 119 名男性（27.5%），中位年龄为 92 岁（范围 90-99 岁）。死亡率为 20.3%（88 人死亡）。在调整年龄和性别后，与认知障碍程度较轻（HR=5.011，p<0.001）、基本日常生活活动能力障碍程度较轻（HR=4.193，p<0.001）、久坐不动的生活方式（HR=3.367，p<0.001）、服用药物种类较多（HR=1.118，p=0.031）和肾功能障碍（HR=2.609，p=0.004）的个体相比，12 个月内死亡的风险显著更高。当将所有变量纳入分析时，只有年龄较大（HR=1.079，p=0.048）、认知功能较低（HR=2.859，p=0.015）、久坐不动的生活方式（HR=2.030，p=0.026）和肾功能障碍（HR=2.322，p=0.018）与生存时间减少显著相关。
Mugello 研究的数据支持以下假设，即 90 岁以上人群在 12 个月时的生存不是一个随机过程，年龄较大、认知功能下降、久坐不动的生活方式以及肾功能障碍与死亡率相关。
