Das Rathindra, Bhattacharjya Himadri, Roy Dipti Bikas
Department of Ophthalmology, Agartala Government Medical College, Tripura, India.
Department of Community Medicine, Agartala Government Medical College, Agartala, Tripura, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2021 Dec;10(12):4497-4501. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_273_21. Epub 2021 Dec 27.
In India, about 50% of all childhood blindness is either preventable or treatable. Hence, controlling childhood blindness may be an effective way to reduce blindness in this country in the long run. Strategies to combat childhood blindness require accurate data regarding its magnitude, distribution, and determinants in a population. In this regard, district disability rehabilitation centres (DDRC) are working in India to diagnose and rehabilitate the subjects with blindness of various degrees.
The objectives of the study are to estimate the proportion of childhood blindness among the visually challenged subjects registered under the DDRC of West Tripura district, to find out the different ocular morbidities in this population and to study the factors associated with these disabilities.
This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from 2,260 visually challenged subjects enlisted in the DDRC of West Tripura district of India from June 1, 2018, to May 31, 2020.
The proportion of childhood blindness was found to be 3.89% (88) among the visually challenged subjects catered by the DDRC of West Tripura district. About 68.18% of the study subjects belonged to the lower socio-economic class as per BG Prasad's socio-economic classification, 39.77% subjects had 30% blindness and 15.90% subjects had 100% blindness. Among these 88 cases (134 eyes) of blindness, 20.14% were refractive error, 7.50% corneal opacities, 12.68% phthisis bulbi, 3.73% congenital cataract and pseudophakia, 2.98% congenital glaucoma, 23.88% congenital globe anomalies, 8.20% retinal diseases, 11.94% nystagmus and 8.95% were due to miscellaneous causes.
Childhood blindness is still a public health problem in this part of India. Congenital globe anomalies were found to be the commonest cause followed by refractive errors.
在印度，约50%的儿童失明是可预防或可治疗的。因此，从长远来看，控制儿童失明可能是该国减少失明的有效途径。对抗儿童失明的策略需要有关其在人群中的严重程度、分布和决定因素的准确数据。在这方面，印度的地区残疾康复中心（DDRC）正在开展工作，以诊断和康复不同程度失明的患者。
本研究的目的是估计在西特里普拉地区DDRC登记的视力障碍患者中儿童失明的比例，找出该人群中不同的眼部疾病，并研究与这些残疾相关的因素。
本基于机构的横断面研究使用了2018年6月1日至2020年5月31日在印度西特里普拉地区DDRC登记的2260名视力障碍患者的二手数据。
在西特里普拉地区DDRC服务的视力障碍患者中，儿童失明的比例为3.89%（88例）。根据BG普拉萨德的社会经济分类，约68.18%的研究对象属于社会经济较低阶层，39.77%的患者失明30%，15.90%的患者失明100%。在这88例（134只眼）失明病例中，20.14%为屈光不正，7.50%为角膜混浊，12.68%为眼球痨，3.73%为先天性白内障和假晶状体，2.98%为先天性青光眼，23.88%为先天性眼球异常，8.20%为视网膜疾病，11.94%为眼球震颤，8.95%为其他原因。
在印度的这一地区，儿童失明仍然是一个公共卫生问题。发现先天性眼球异常是最常见的原因，其次是屈光不正。
