Shiferaw Sahlu Mitku, Mengistie Emiru Ayalew, Aknaw Getasew Mulatu, Amare Abraham Tsedalu, Azanaw Kefyalew Amogne
Department of Adult Health Nursing, Debre Tabor Health Science College, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Adult Health, Nursing College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Open Access Emerg Med. 2022 Mar 5;14:85-98. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S335927. eCollection 2022.
A significantly greater proportion of patients who die due to aspiration pneumonia were diagnosed with in-hospital aspiration pneumonia (19%). The incidence and major predictors are not known clearly, especially in Ethiopia.
To determine the incidence and predictors of aspiration pneumonia among adult traumatic brain injury patients at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, Bahir Dar, North west Ethiopia, in 2021.
An institution-based retrospective study was conducted from all admitted adult traumatic brain injury patients at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020 for 51 days of survival. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier survival curve log rank test, and the Cox proportional hazard regression model were used.
A total of 396 adult patients diagnosed and admitted with traumatic brain injury in the past 5 years were included. Seventy patients (17.67%) developed aspiration pneumonia, providing an incidence rate of 32.39 (95% CI=25-62-40.94) per 1,000 person days of observation. Independent predictors were being referred for AHR (2.43; 95% CI=1.12-5.25), nasogastric tube insertion AHR (3.02; 95% CI=1.43-6.39), and baseline Glasgow coma scale <8 AHR (3.88; 95% CI=1.42-10.062).
Having a nasogastric tube and low baseline Glasgow coma scale were significant predictors. This improves prehospital and hospital care during transportation and admission time.
因吸入性肺炎死亡的患者中，有相当大比例被诊断为医院内吸入性肺炎（19%）。其发病率和主要预测因素尚不清楚，尤其是在埃塞俄比亚。
确定2021年埃塞俄比亚西北部巴赫达尔市费莱格希沃特综合专科医院成年创伤性脑损伤患者中吸入性肺炎的发病率和预测因素。
对2015年1月1日至2020年12月31日在费莱格希沃特综合专科医院收治的所有成年创伤性脑损伤患者进行了为期51天生存情况的基于机构的回顾性研究。采用描述性统计、Kaplan-Meier生存曲线对数秩检验和Cox比例风险回归模型。
纳入了过去5年中396例诊断并收治的成年创伤性脑损伤患者。70例（17.67%）发生了吸入性肺炎，每1000人日观察期的发病率为32.39（95%CI=25.62-40.94）。独立预测因素包括被转诊至急性呼吸窘迫（AHR）（2.43；95%CI=1.12-5.25）、插入鼻胃管的AHR（3.02；95%CI=1.43-6.39）以及基线格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分<8的AHR（3.88；95%CI=1.42-10.062）。
插入鼻胃管和低基线格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分是显著的预测因素。这有助于改善院前和院内转运及入院期间的护理。
