肺外结核的不寻常表现：图文并茂的文章
Unusual manifestations of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a pictorial essay.
作者信息
Elango S, Prema S, Vijayakumar A R, Sravani N, Nagarajan K, Vijayalakshmi G
机构信息
Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
出版信息
Pol J Radiol. 2022 Feb 10;87:e79-e86. doi: 10.5114/pjr.2022.113475. eCollection 2022.
PURPOSE
Tuberculosis is quite common in India. About 40% of all Indians are infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, with 2.5 million active tuberculosis cases. Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, but it can affect any organ. Extra-pulmonary involvement occurs 15-20% of cases in immune-competent patients and in more than 50% in HIV patients. The most common extra-pulmonary sites are lymph nodes, pleura, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, or meninges.
CASE REPORTS
In this pictorial review article we present 8 atypical cases of tuberculosis and describe their imaging features and histopathology.
CONCLUSIONS
Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect virtually any organ and can mimic various inflammatory and neoplastic disorders apart from other infective conditions. A strong index of suspicion is required particularly in those countries endemic to tuberculosis.
目的
结核病在印度相当常见。约40%的印度人感染结核分枝杆菌，有250万活动性结核病例。结核病主要影响肺部，但也可累及任何器官。免疫功能正常的患者肺外受累发生率为15% - 20%，而艾滋病患者中这一比例超过50%。最常见的肺外部位是淋巴结、胸膜、腹部、泌尿生殖道、皮肤、关节和骨骼或脑膜。
病例报告
在这篇图片综述文章中，我们展示了8例非典型结核病例，并描述了其影像学特征和组织病理学。
结论
肺外结核几乎可累及任何器官，除其他感染性疾病外，还可模仿各种炎症和肿瘤性疾病。特别是在结核病流行的国家，需要有高度的怀疑指数。
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