Lei Zhaoli, Ma Shu, Li Hongting, Yang Zhen
Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Feb 25;13:780657. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.780657. eCollection 2022.
Auditory warnings have been shown to interfere with verbal working memory. However, the impact of different types of auditory warnings on working memory tasks must be further researched. This study investigated how different kinds of auditory warnings interfered with verbal and spatial working memory. Experiment 1 tested the potential interference of auditory warnings with verbal working memory. Experiment 2 tested the potential interference of auditory warnings with spatial working memory. Both experiments used a 3 × 3 mixed design: auditory warning type (auditory icons, earcons, or spearcons) was between groups, and task condition (no-warning, identify-warning, or ignore-warning) was within groups. In Experiment 1, earcons and spearcons but not auditory icons worsened the performance on the verbal serial recall task in the identify-warning condition, compared with that in the no-warning or ignore-warning conditions. In Experiment 2, only identifying earcons worsened the performance on the location recall task compared with performance without auditory warnings or when auditory warnings were ignored. Results are discussed from the perspective of working memory resource interference, and their practical application in the selection and design of auditory warning signals is involved.
听觉警告已被证明会干扰言语工作记忆。然而，不同类型的听觉警告对工作记忆任务的影响仍需进一步研究。本研究调查了不同种类的听觉警告如何干扰言语和空间工作记忆。实验1测试了听觉警告对言语工作记忆的潜在干扰。实验2测试了听觉警告对空间工作记忆的潜在干扰。两个实验均采用3×3混合设计：听觉警告类型（听觉图标、耳标或矛标）为组间变量，任务条件（无警告、识别警告或忽略警告）为组内变量。在实验1中，与无警告或忽略警告条件相比，在识别警告条件下，耳标和矛标而非听觉图标会使言语序列回忆任务的表现变差。在实验2中，与无听觉警告或忽略听觉警告时相比，只有识别耳标会使位置回忆任务的表现变差。从工作记忆资源干扰的角度对结果进行了讨论，并涉及了它们在听觉警告信号选择和设计中的实际应用。
