The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
PeerJ. 2022 Mar 8;10:e13101. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13101. eCollection 2022.
FAM19A5 plays an essential role in the development and acute or chronic inflammation of the central nervous system. The present study aimed to explore the association between FAM19A5 and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD).
A total of 344 recent small subcortical infarct (RSSI) patients and 265 healthy controls were included in this study. The difference in the FAM19A5 level between the two groups was compared and the correlation between FAM19A5 and cerebral infarction volume was analyzed. Also, the association between FAM19A5 and the total magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) burden with its imaging characteristics was explored. Moreover, the correspondence of FAM19A5 with the outcome was assessed via Δ National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (NIHSS) and the percentage of NIHSS improvement.
FAM19A5 was highly expressed in the RSSI group ( = 0.023), showing a positive correlation with cerebral infarction volume ( < 0.01). It was positively correlated with total MRI cSVD burden ( < 0.001) and reflected the severity of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) ( < 0.01) and enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) ( < 0.01), but did not show any association with cerebral microbleed (CMB) and lacune. Moreover, FAM19A5 suggested a larger Δ NIHSS ( = 0.021) and NIHSS improvement percentage ( = 0.007).
Serum FAM19A5 was increased in RSSI and positively correlated with the infarct volume. It also reflects the total MRI burden of cSVD, of which the imaging characteristics are positively correlated with WMH and EPVS. In addition, higher FAM19A5 levels reflect better outcomes in RSSI patients.
FAM19A5 在中枢神经系统的发育和急、慢性炎症中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在探讨 FAM19A5 与脑小血管病（cSVD）之间的关系。
本研究共纳入 344 例近期小皮质下梗死（RSSI）患者和 265 例健康对照者。比较两组间 FAM19A5 水平的差异，分析 FAM19A5 与脑梗死体积的相关性。此外，还探讨了 FAM19A5 与脑 MRI 总负荷及其影像学特征的关系。另外，通过ΔNIHSS 评分（NIHSS）和 NIHSS 改善百分比评估 FAM19A5 与结局的对应关系。
RSSI 组中 FAM19A5 表达水平较高（=0.023），与脑梗死体积呈正相关（<0.01）。它与总 MRI cSVD 负荷呈正相关（<0.001），反映了脑白质高信号（WMH）（<0.01）和扩大的血管周围间隙（EPVS）（<0.01）的严重程度，但与脑微出血（CMB）和腔隙无任何关联。此外，FAM19A5 提示更大的ΔNIHSS（=0.021）和 NIHSS 改善百分比（=0.007）。
RSSI 患者血清 FAM19A5 升高，与梗死体积呈正相关。它还反映了 cSVD 的总 MRI 负荷，其影像学特征与 WMH 和 EPVS 呈正相关。此外，FAM19A5 水平较高提示 RSSI 患者的结局更好。
