Jiang Meiru, Hong Kunqiang, Mao Yufeng, Ma Hongwu, Chen Tao, Wang Zhiwen
Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Key Laboratory of System Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Feb 25;10:841443. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.841443. eCollection 2022.
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is the key precursor for the biosynthesis of tetrapyrrole compounds, with wide applications in medicine, agriculture and other burgeoning fields. Because of its potential applications and disadvantages of chemical synthesis, alternative biotechnological methods have drawn increasing attention. In this review, the recent progress in biosynthetic pathways and regulatory mechanisms of 5-ALA synthesis in biological hosts are summarized. The research progress on 5-ALA biosynthesis via the C4/C5 pathway in microbial cells is emphasized, and the corresponding biotechnological design strategies are highlighted and discussed in detail. In addition, the detection methods and applications of 5-ALA are also reviewed. Finally, perspectives on potential strategies for improving the biosynthesis of 5-ALA and understanding the related mechanisms to further promote its industrial application are conceived and proposed.
5-氨基乙酰丙酸（5-ALA）是四吡咯化合物生物合成的关键前体，在医学、农业和其他新兴领域有着广泛应用。由于其潜在应用价值以及化学合成的缺点，替代性生物技术方法受到了越来越多的关注。在本综述中，总结了生物宿主中5-ALA合成的生物合成途径和调控机制的最新进展。重点阐述了微生物细胞中通过C4/C5途径进行5-ALA生物合成的研究进展，并详细突出和讨论了相应的生物技术设计策略。此外，还综述了5-ALA的检测方法和应用。最后，构思并提出了关于改进5-ALA生物合成及理解相关机制以进一步推动其工业应用的潜在策略的观点。
