Koene Juul, Zyto Susan, van der Stel Jaap, van Lang Natasja, Ammeraal Marion, Kupka Ralph W, van Weeghel Jaap
University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Tranzo, Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
Int J Bipolar Disord. 2022 Mar 14;10(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40345-022-00255-7.
Patients with bipolar disorder experience impairments in their occupational functioning, despite remission of symptoms. Previous research has shown that neurocognitive deficits, especially deficits in executive functions, may persist during euthymia and are associated with diminished occupational functioning.
The aim of this scoping review was to identify published studies that report on the relationships between executive functions and occupational functioning in BD to review current knowledge and identify knowledge gaps. In addition to traditional neuropsychological approaches, we aimed to describe executive functioning from a self-regulation perspective, including emotion regulation.
We applied the methodological framework as described by Arksey and O'Malley (Int J Soc Res Methodol Theory Pract 8:19-32, 2005) and Levac et al. (Implement Sci 5:1-9, 2010). We searched PubMed and psycINFO for literature up to November 2021, after which we screened papers based on inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently performed the screening process, data charting process, and synthesis of results.
The search yielded 1202 references after deduplication, of which 222 remained after initial screening. The screening and inclusion process yielded 82 eligible papers in which relationships between executive functions and occupational functioning are examined.
Neurocognitive deficits, including in executive functions and self-regulation, are associated with and predictive of diminished occupational functioning. Definitions and measurements for neurocognitive functions and occupational functioning differ greatly between studies, which complicates comparisons. Studies on functional remediation show promising results for improving occupational functioning in patients with BD. In research and clinical practice more attention is needed towards the quality of work functioning and the various contexts in which patients with BD experience deficits.
双相情感障碍患者尽管症状已缓解，但职业功能仍存在损害。先前的研究表明，神经认知缺陷，尤其是执行功能缺陷，可能在心境正常期间持续存在，并与职业功能减退有关。
本范围综述的目的是识别已发表的报告双相情感障碍患者执行功能与职业功能之间关系的研究，以回顾当前知识并识别知识空白。除了传统的神经心理学方法外，我们旨在从自我调节的角度描述执行功能，包括情绪调节。
我们应用了Arksey和O'Malley（《国际社会研究方法理论与实践》8:19 - 32，2005年）以及Levac等人（《实施科学》5:1 - 9，2010年）描述的方法框架。我们在PubMed和psycINFO上搜索截至2021年11月的文献，之后根据纳入标准筛选论文。两名评审员独立进行筛选过程、数据图表绘制过程和结果综合。
去重后搜索得到1202条参考文献，初步筛选后剩下222条。筛选和纳入过程产生了82篇合格论文，其中研究了执行功能与职业功能之间的关系。
神经认知缺陷，包括执行功能和自我调节方面的缺陷，与职业功能减退相关并可预测职业功能减退。各研究中神经认知功能和职业功能的定义及测量方法差异很大，这使得比较变得复杂。功能康复研究显示出改善双相情感障碍患者职业功能的有前景的结果。在研究和临床实践中，需要更多关注工作功能的质量以及双相情感障碍患者出现缺陷的各种情境。
