Drakopoulos Julia, Sparding Timea, Clements Caitlin, Pålsson Erik, Landén Mikael
Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 15, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3720 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Int J Bipolar Disord. 2020 Feb 7;8(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s40345-019-0168-6.
Bipolar disorder is associated with significant functional deficits including occupational functioning. Despite the high rates of unemployment and sick leave in the patient population, only a limited number of studies have examined factors associated with occupational functioning in bipolar disorder. The aim of the study was to investigate the relative importance of demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological factors on occupational dysfunction in bipolar disorder.
A sample of 120 partially or fully remitted bipolar disorder I and II patients were included in the study. Patients were stratified into an active and an inactive group based on the number of hours per week working or studying. Active (n = 86) and inactive (n = 34) patients were compared with respect to demographic factors, clinical characteristics, medication, measures of psychosocial functioning, and cognitive functioning (i.e., IQ and executive functions). No other cognitive domains were examined.
Univariate analyses revealed better overall cognitive function in active patients in terms of IQ and executive functioning. However, only executive functioning accounted for a significant amount of the variance in occupational status when other significant predictors were taken into account.
Executive functioning was a more powerful predictor of occupational status in bipolar disorder patients than IQ and other clinical factors, including illness severity.
双相情感障碍与包括职业功能在内的显著功能缺陷相关。尽管该患者群体的失业率和病假率很高，但仅有有限的研究探讨了与双相情感障碍职业功能相关的因素。本研究的目的是调查人口统计学、临床和神经心理学因素对双相情感障碍职业功能障碍的相对重要性。
120例部分或完全缓解的I型和II型双相情感障碍患者纳入本研究。根据每周工作或学习的小时数，将患者分为活跃组和不活跃组。比较活跃组（n = 86）和不活跃组（n = 34）在人口统计学因素、临床特征、药物治疗、社会心理功能测量和认知功能（即智商和执行功能）方面的差异。未检查其他认知领域。
单因素分析显示，活跃患者在智商和执行功能方面的总体认知功能更好。然而，在考虑其他显著预测因素时，只有执行功能在职业状况差异中占显著比例。
在双相情感障碍患者中，执行功能比智商和其他临床因素（包括疾病严重程度）更能有力地预测职业状况。
