Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2022 Aug;55(4):777-785. doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2022.01.006. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Airway microbiota may play an important role in regulating the immune response related to allergic respiratory diseases. A molecular-based approach was used to analyze the association between nasopharyngeal microbiota, serum immunoglobin (Ig)E levels, and childhood respiratory allergies.
Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children aged 36 months with three phenotypes, including allergic respiratory diseases plus atopy, atopy alone, and healthy controls for microbiome analysis using Illumina-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
In total, 87 children were enrolled, including 36 with allergic respiratory diseases plus atopy, 21 with atopy alone, and 30 healthy controls. Proteobacteria (45.7%), Firmicutes (29.3%), and Actinobacteria (15.3%) were the most prevalent phyla in the study population. Compared with healthy controls, a lower Chao1 index was found in children with allergies (P < 0.035), indicating that bacterial richness was inversely associated with airway allergies. Additionally, in comparison with healthy controls, the genera Acinetobacter, Moraxella, Asaia, and Rhodococcus were more abundant and positively correlated with total serum IgE levels in children with allergies (P < 0.01), whereas the genera Enterococcus and Rickettsia were inversely correlated with total IgE levels, and also appeared to be negatively associated with airway allergies (P < 0.01).
The composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiota alteration may have an influence on childhood respiratory allergies. The inverse association between bacterial richness and allergies postulated that children living in a microbially hygienic environment may increase their risk of developing respiratory allergies.
气道微生物群可能在调节与过敏性呼吸道疾病相关的免疫反应方面发挥重要作用。采用基于分子的方法分析了鼻咽微生物群、血清免疫球蛋白（Ig）E 水平与儿童呼吸道过敏之间的关系。
采集了 36 个月龄、具有三种表型（过敏性呼吸道疾病伴特应性、特应性和健康对照）的儿童的鼻咽拭子，使用 Illumina 基于 16S rRNA 基因测序的方法进行微生物组分析。
共纳入 87 名儿童，其中 36 名患有过敏性呼吸道疾病伴特应性，21 名患有特应性，30 名健康对照。研究人群中最常见的菌门为变形菌门（45.7%）、厚壁菌门（29.3%）和放线菌门（15.3%）。与健康对照组相比，过敏儿童的 Chao1 指数较低（P<0.035），表明细菌丰富度与气道过敏呈负相关。此外，与健康对照组相比，过敏儿童中不动杆菌属、莫拉菌属、醋酸钙不动杆菌属和红球菌属等属的丰度更高，且与总血清 IgE 水平呈正相关（P<0.01），而肠球菌属和立克次体属与总 IgE 水平呈负相关，且似乎与气道过敏呈负相关（P<0.01）。
鼻咽微生物群组成的改变可能对儿童呼吸道过敏有影响。细菌丰富度与过敏呈负相关，推测生活在微生物卫生环境中的儿童可能会增加患呼吸道过敏的风险。
