From the Departments of Cardiology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.
INTEGRIS Baptist Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK.
Cardiol Rev. 2024;32(1):57-61. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000449. Epub 2022 Aug 11.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are still the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and they could be prevented by a diet modification and a healthy lifestyle. Dietary modifications include a reduction in the consumption of saturated fatty acids and replacing them with mono or polyunsaturated fatty acids. Olive oil is a monounsaturated fatty acid and its increased consumption has been associated with a significant reduction of CVDs. Its significant cardiovascular benefits have been attributed to its high content of vitamin E, polyphenols, and other ingredients that possess significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Several prospective and epidemiological studies have reported an inverse association between olive oil consumption and the incidence of CVD, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Also, a seminal study demonstrated that the use of a Mediterranean diet, which is rich in olive oil, fruits, vegetables, and fish, and low in red meat, was associated with significant reductions in CVD and mortality. However, despite its proven cardiovascular benefits, olive oil is scarcely used in the United States and other Western countries. To determine the current use of olive oil in the United States and other Western countries, a Medline search of the English literature between 2012 and January 2022 was conducted, and 36 pertinent articles were selected. The data from these articles, together with collateral literature, will be discussed in this concise review.
心血管疾病 (CVDs) 仍然是全球范围内死亡和残疾的主要原因，可以通过饮食调整和健康的生活方式来预防。饮食调整包括减少饱和脂肪酸的摄入，并用单不饱和或多不饱和脂肪酸代替。橄榄油是一种单不饱和脂肪酸，其摄入量的增加与 CVDs 的显著减少有关。橄榄油具有显著的心血管益处，这归因于其富含维生素 E、多酚和其他具有显著抗炎和抗氧化特性的成分。几项前瞻性和流行病学研究报告称，橄榄油的消费与 CVD、高血压和 2 型糖尿病的发病率之间呈负相关。此外，一项开创性的研究表明，富含橄榄油、水果、蔬菜和鱼类，而红肉含量低的地中海饮食与 CVD 和死亡率的显著降低有关。然而，尽管橄榄油具有已被证实的心血管益处，但它在美国和其他西方国家的使用却很少。为了确定橄榄油在美国和其他西方国家的使用情况，对 2012 年至 2022 年 1 月期间的英文文献进行了 Medline 搜索，并选择了 36 篇相关文章。将结合相关文献讨论这些文章的数据。
