Logue C M, Moos R H
Psychosom Med. 1986 Jul-Aug;48(6):388-414. doi: 10.1097/00006842-198607000-00002.
This article provides an overview of information on the prevalence of perimenstrual symptoms. Overall, at least 40% of women experience some cyclical perimenstrual symptoms. Although most women rate their symptoms as mild, approximately 2%-10% report severe symptoms. Prospective studies of perimenstrual symptoms indicate that retrospective reports are reasonably accurate among women who experience moderate to severe symptoms. However, among the majority of women with few or minimal symptoms, retrospective reports may amplify the cyclicity of variation in comparison to concurrent reports. A variety of risk factors are associated with patterns of symptom reporting and may provide clues to the etiology of perimenstrual symptoms and help to identify women most vulnerable to them. A woman's age and cycle characteristics are predictors of the type and severity of perimenstrual symptoms she experiences. In addition, a history of affective illness may be associated with increased reporting of perimenstrual symptoms. Future research should focus on developing new diagnostic criteria for subtypes of perimenstrual syndromes, exploring positive symptoms and experiences associated with the menstrual cycle, and formulating holistic treatment approaches that view perimenstrual syndromes as psychosomatic conditions.
本文概述了经前症状的流行情况。总体而言，至少40%的女性会经历一些周期性经前症状。尽管大多数女性认为自己的症状较轻，但约2%-10%的女性报告有严重症状。对经前症状的前瞻性研究表明，对于经历中度至重度症状的女性，回顾性报告相当准确。然而，在大多数症状较少或轻微的女性中，与同期报告相比，回顾性报告可能会夸大变化的周期性。多种风险因素与症状报告模式相关，可能为经前症状的病因提供线索，并有助于识别最易受其影响的女性。女性的年龄和月经周期特征是其所经历经前症状的类型和严重程度的预测因素。此外，情感疾病史可能与经前症状报告增加有关。未来的研究应侧重于为经前综合征亚型制定新的诊断标准，探索与月经周期相关的积极症状和经历，并制定将经前综合征视为身心疾病的整体治疗方法。
