Babor T F, Kranzler H R, Kadden R M
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1986;10(2):113-28. doi: 10.1016/0278-5846(86)90065-5.
This paper examines definitions of alcoholism from theoretical and historical points of view. It begins with a review of definitions of alcoholism from the 19th century to the present, giving particular attention to medical approaches, psychiatric formulations, behavioral concepts, and definitions proposed by the American Psychiatric Association and the World Health Organization. It is concluded that current definitions differ widely in scope, the meanings attached to words like disease and disorder, the criteria for including signs and symptoms as essential characteristics, and the potential uses of the definitions. Based on these considerations, the practical issues of developing and applying clinically useful diagnostic procedures are discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of diagnostic issues that should be considered in any effort to improve clinical identification, treatment planning and international communication.
本文从理论和历史角度审视了酒精中毒的定义。文章开篇回顾了从19世纪至今的酒精中毒定义，特别关注医学方法、精神病学表述、行为概念以及美国精神病学协会和世界卫生组织提出的定义。得出的结论是，当前的定义在范围、赋予疾病和紊乱等词汇的含义、将体征和症状纳入基本特征的标准以及定义的潜在用途等方面存在很大差异。基于这些考虑，讨论了制定和应用临床有用诊断程序的实际问题。本文最后讨论了在任何旨在改善临床识别、治疗规划和国际交流的努力中都应考虑的诊断问题。
