Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
Support Care Cancer. 2022 Jun;30(6):5389-5399. doi: 10.1007/s00520-022-06931-9. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
Exercise is emerging as a vital aspect of care to alleviate the physical and psychosocial symptom burden associated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Understanding the patient perspective regarding exercise is important to move towards implementation. This study aimed to characterise experiences and views regarding participation in an exercise program in adults receiving treatment for haematological disease with allogeneic BMT.
Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 participants from either an early- or late-commencing supervised group-based exercise program. Using an inductive, conventional approach to qualitative content analysis data were independently analysed by two researchers.
Six major themes and 33 sub-themes were identified: this encompassed motivation, physical opportunity and capability to exercise; psychosocial effects of group-based exercise; experienced impact of participation in an exercise program; and intervention design considerations. Key barriers to exercise included symptom severity and fluctuating health and distance or difficult access to an exercise facility or equipment, whilst facilitators included encouragement from staff; peer support in the group-based setting; flexibility; education; and ability to measure change.
This study highlights the importance of a flexible approach to exercise with consideration of individual symptoms and preferences. The perceived psychological impact of exercise should not be underestimated; future exercise programs should be designed in partnership with patients, with consideration of group-based activities to reduce social isolation if this is feasible in the treatment context. Intervention design should also acknowledge the individual's physical and psychological capability, opportunity and automatic and reflective motivation to direct and sustain exercise behaviours following BMT.
运动作为一种重要的治疗手段，可以减轻异基因骨髓移植（BMT）相关的身体和心理社会症状负担，越来越受到关注。了解患者对运动的看法对于实施运动方案至关重要。本研究旨在描述接受异基因 BMT 治疗的血液系统疾病患者参与运动方案的体验和观点。
对 35 名参与者进行了个体半结构式访谈，他们来自早期或晚期开始的监督小组为基础的运动方案。采用归纳式、常规的定性内容分析方法，由两名研究人员独立分析数据。
确定了 6 个主要主题和 33 个次主题：这包括运动的动机、身体机会和能力；团体运动的心理社会影响；参与运动方案的体验影响；以及干预设计的考虑因素。运动的主要障碍包括症状严重程度和健康波动，以及距离或难以获得运动设施或设备，而促进因素包括工作人员的鼓励；团体环境中的同伴支持；灵活性；教育；以及测量变化的能力。
本研究强调了运动方案的灵活性的重要性，应考虑个体的症状和偏好。运动的心理影响不应被低估；未来的运动方案应与患者合作设计，考虑团体活动，以减少治疗环境中的社交孤立，如果这是可行的。干预设计还应考虑到个体的身体和心理能力、机会以及自动和反思性动机，以指导和维持 BMT 后的运动行为。
