Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 May 23;61(22):e202202706. doi: 10.1002/anie.202202706. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
The synthesis of sulfides has been widely studied because this functional subunit is prevalent in biomolecules and pharmaceuticals, as well as being a useful synthetic platform for further elaboration. Thus, various methods to build C-S bonds have been developed, but typically they require the use of precious metals or harsh conditions. Electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex photoactivation strategies have emerged as versatile and sustainable ways to achieve C-S bond formation, avoiding challenges associated with previous methods. This work describes an open-to-air, photoinduced, site-selective C-H thioetherification from readily available reagents via EDA complex formation that tolerates a wide range of different functional groups. Moreover, C(sp )-halogen bonds remain intact using this protocol, allowing late-stage installation of the sulfide motif in various bioactive scaffolds, while allowing yet further modification through more traditional C-X bond cleavage protocols. Additionally, various mechanistic investigations support the envisioned EDA complex scenario.
硫化物的合成得到了广泛的研究,因为这种官能团在生物分子和药物中很常见,同时也是进一步修饰的有用的合成平台。因此,已经开发了各种构建 C-S 键的方法,但通常它们需要使用贵金属或苛刻的条件。电子给体-受体(EDA)络合物光激活策略已经成为实现 C-S 键形成的通用和可持续的方法,避免了与以前方法相关的挑战。本工作描述了一种在空气条件下,通过 EDA 络合物形成进行的光诱导、选择性 C-H 硫醚化反应,可从易得的试剂中获得,对各种不同的官能团具有耐受性。此外,使用该方案,C(sp )-卤键保持完整,允许在各种生物活性支架中晚期安装硫化物基序,同时允许通过更传统的 C-X 键断裂方案进一步修饰。此外,各种机理研究支持预期的 EDA 络合物方案。