Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022 Nov;63(11):1222-1230. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13606. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
To evaluate the global prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students and potential associated factors.
PubMed and Web of Science were searched from their inception to March 28, 2021. Random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. Egger's and Begg's test were used to assess publication bias.
A total of 64 studies with 100,187 individuals were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms among college students was 33.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 29.3%-37.8%) and 39.0% (95% CI, 34.6%-43.4%), respectively. The highest prevalence of depression symptoms was found in Africa region (40.1%, 95% CI 12.3-67.9%), lower middle-income countries (42.5%, 95% CI 28.6-56.3%), and medical college students (39.4%, 95% CI 29.3-49.6%). For the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, the highest was observed in North America (48.3%, 95% CI 37.4-59.2%), lower middle-income countries (54.2%, 95% CI 35.0-73.4%), medical college students (47.1%, 95% CI 35.1-59.1%) and identified by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (49.1%, 95% CI 31.0-43.0%). Besides, the prevalence of depression symptoms (35.9%, 95% CI 20.2-51.7%) and anxiety symptoms (40.7%, 95% CI 39.5-42.0%) was higher in studies conducted after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak.
Our study suggests that a lot of college students experience depression and anxiety symptoms and clarifies factors that are related to these mental disorders. Effective prevention and intervention strategies for mental disorders should be developed among college students.
评估大学生中抑郁和焦虑症状的全球患病率及潜在相关因素。
检索 PubMed 和 Web of Science 从其建立到 2021 年 3 月 28 日的数据。使用随机效应模型计算抑郁和焦虑症状的总患病率。进行亚组分析以探索潜在的异质性。使用 Egger 和 Begg 检验评估发表偏倚。
本荟萃分析共纳入 64 项研究共 100187 人。大学生抑郁和焦虑症状的总患病率分别为 33.6%（95%可信区间[CI]29.3%-37.8%）和 39.0%（95% CI，34.6%-43.4%）。抑郁症状患病率最高的是非洲地区（40.1%，95% CI 12.3-67.9%）、中低收入国家（42.5%，95% CI 28.6-56.3%）和医学生（39.4%，95% CI 29.3-49.6%）。对于焦虑症状的患病率，最高的是北美（48.3%，95% CI 37.4-59.2%）、中低收入国家（54.2%，95% CI 35.0-73.4%）、医学生（47.1%，95% CI 35.1-59.1%）和贝克焦虑量表（BAI）（49.1%，95% CI 31.0-43.0%）。此外，新冠疫情（COVID-19）后开展的研究中，抑郁症状（35.9%，95% CI 20.2-51.7%）和焦虑症状（40.7%，95% CI 39.5-42.0%）的患病率更高。
本研究表明，许多大学生存在抑郁和焦虑症状，并明确了与这些精神障碍相关的因素。应在大学生中制定针对精神障碍的有效预防和干预策略。
