Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan province, 570228, China.
Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Sep 30;73(17):5874-5885. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erac111.
Melatonin is an essential phytohormone in the regulation of many plant processes, including during plant development and in response to stress. Pathogen infections cause serious damage to plants and reduce agricultural production. Recent studies indicate that melatonin plays important roles in alleviating bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases in plants and post-harvest fruits. Herein, we summarize information related to the effects of melatonin on plant disease resistance. Melatonin, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species form a complex loop in plant-pathogen interaction to regulate plant disease resistance. Moreover, crosstalk of melatonin with other phytohormones including salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, auxin, and abscisic acid further activates plant defense genes. Melatonin plays an important role not only in plant immunity but also in alleviating pathogenicity. We also summarize the known processes by which melatonin mediates pathogenicity via negatively regulating the expression levels of genes related to cell viability as well as virulence-related genes. The multiple mechanisms underlying melatonin influences on both plant immunity and pathogenicity support the recognition of the essential nature of melatonin in plant-pathogen interactions, highlighting phytomelatonin as a critical molecule in plant immune responses.
褪黑素是植物中许多生理过程调节的必需植物激素，包括植物发育和应激反应。病原体感染会对植物造成严重损害，降低农业产量。最近的研究表明，褪黑素在缓解植物细菌、真菌和病毒病害以及采后水果病害方面发挥着重要作用。在此，我们总结了褪黑素对植物抗病性的影响信息。褪黑素、活性氧和活性氮在植物-病原体相互作用中形成一个复杂的循环，以调节植物的抗病性。此外，褪黑素与其他植物激素（包括水杨酸、茉莉酸、生长素和脱落酸）的交叉对话进一步激活植物防御基因。褪黑素不仅在植物免疫中发挥重要作用，而且在减轻致病性方面也发挥重要作用。我们还总结了褪黑素通过负调控与细胞活力以及与毒性相关的基因表达水平相关的基因来介导致病性的已知过程。褪黑素对植物免疫和致病性的多种影响机制支持了在植物-病原体相互作用中褪黑素的重要性的认识，突出了植物褪黑素作为植物免疫反应中关键分子的地位。
