青少年使用镇痛药认知、态度和行为的调查：以四川和重庆为例。
The Survey on Adolescents' Cognition, Attitude, and Behavior of Using Analgesics: Take Sichuan and Chongqing as an Example.
机构信息
Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Chongqing Medical and Health School, Chongqing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Mar 1;10:744685. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.744685. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVES
To explore the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and behavior about the correct use of analgesics among adolescents in Western Sichuan and Chongqing and its related factors and to provide a reference for health promotion schools to promote correct medication education and relevant policy-making.
METHODS
A questionnaire survey was conducted among senior high school students in Sichuan and Chongqing by stratified random sampling. A total of 48 classes were surveyed and 2,280 valid questionnaires were obtained. Descriptive analysis, mean value comparison, and multiple regression analysis were conducted for the data using SPSS17.0 statistical analysis software.
RESULTS
(1) It showed that 65.5% of the students used methods other than drugs to deal with pain, 52.9% of the students took analgesics prescribed by doctors, more than 60% of the students got information about pain treatment from medical professionals or their families members, 71.6% of the students read the use label when using drugs, and only about 20% of the students knew the dosage and side effects of analgesics. (2) The higher the grade, the higher the proportion of students who often take analgesics prescribed by doctors, the higher the proportion of students who use methods other than drugs to relieve pain, the higher the proportion of students who read the label of analgesics, and the more information sources are introduced by family members. The better the knowledge, attitude, efficacy, and accomplishment of using analgesics, the better the behavior of using analgesics correctly. (3) Students who had taken analgesics provided by their family or friends and who had taken anti-inflammatory analgesics did not perform well in the correct use of analgesics.
CONCLUSION
The key factors that influence the correct drug use behavior of middle school students are their correct drug use literacy, efficacy, attitude, and reading of analgesics. Therefore, schools should strengthen cooperation with pharmacists and encourage the promotion of parent-child education activities of correct drug use.
目的
探讨川渝地区青少年对正确使用镇痛药的知识、态度、行为现状及其相关因素，为健康促进学校推广正确用药教育及相关政策制定提供参考。
方法
采用分层随机抽样方法对川渝地区高中生进行问卷调查，共调查 48 个班级，获得有效问卷 2280 份。采用 SPSS17.0 统计分析软件对数据进行描述性分析、均值比较和多元回归分析。
结果
（1）65.5%的学生采用非药物方法缓解疼痛，52.9%的学生遵医嘱使用镇痛药，60%以上的学生从医务人员或家庭成员处获取疼痛治疗信息，71.6%的学生在使用药物时阅读使用说明，但只有约 20%的学生了解镇痛药的剂量和副作用。（2）年级越高，经常遵医嘱使用医生开具的镇痛药的学生比例越高，采用非药物方法缓解疼痛的学生比例越高，阅读镇痛药标签的学生比例越高，家庭引入的信息来源越多，学生对镇痛药的知识、态度、疗效和使用能力越好，正确使用镇痛药的行为越好。（3）使用过家庭或朋友提供的镇痛药和使用过抗炎镇痛药的学生，在正确使用镇痛药方面表现不佳。
结论
影响中学生正确用药行为的关键因素是其正确的用药知识、疗效、态度和阅读镇痛药说明的能力。因此，学校应加强与药师的合作，鼓励开展亲子教育活动，推广正确用药。
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