Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; Partial Hospitalization Program, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2022 Jun;176:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.03.003. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
The present study sought to extend knowledge of the role of boldness, a transdiagnostic bipolar trait dimension involving low sensitivity to threat, in emotional reactivity and regulation using physiological and report-based measures. One prior study found that boldness was associated with reduced late positive potential (LPP) while passively viewing aversive images, but not during emotion regulation; a disconnect between LPP and self-reported reactivity was also observed. Here, participants (N = 63) completed an emotion regulation task in which they either passively viewed or effortfully up- or downregulated their emotional reactivity to pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral pictures while EEG activity was recorded; they later retrospectively rated the success of their regulation efforts. ANOVAs examining the interactive effects of regulation instruction and boldness on LPP amplitude revealed that lower boldness (higher trait fearfulness) was associated with paradoxical increases in LPP to threat photos during instructed downregulation, relative to passive viewing, along with lower reported regulation success on these trials. Unexpectedly, similar LPP effects were observed for affective images overall, and especially nurturance photos. Although subject to certain limitations, these results suggest that individual differences in boldness play a role not only in general reactivity to aversive stimuli, as evidenced by prior work, but in the ability to effortfully downregulate emotional response.
本研究旨在通过生理和报告测量，扩展对大胆（涉及对威胁低敏感的跨诊断双相特质维度）在情绪反应和调节中的作用的认识。先前的一项研究发现，在被动观看厌恶图像时，大胆与减少晚期正电位（LPP）有关，但在情绪调节时则没有；LPP 与自我报告的反应性之间也存在脱节。在这里，参与者（N=63）完成了一项情绪调节任务，在该任务中，他们要么被动地观看愉快、不愉快和中性图片，要么努力调节自己对这些图片的情绪反应，同时记录 EEG 活动；之后他们对自己的调节努力的成功进行了回顾性评估。检验调节指令和大胆之间交互作用对 LPP 幅度的 ANOVA 显示，与被动观看相比，在指令性下调过程中，较低的大胆（更高的特质恐惧）与威胁图片的 LPP 反常增加有关，同时在这些试验中报告的调节成功率较低。出乎意料的是，总体上对情感图像也观察到类似的 LPP 效应，尤其是养育照片。尽管存在某些限制，但这些结果表明，大胆的个体差异不仅在对厌恶刺激的一般反应中发挥作用，如先前的工作所示，而且在努力调节情绪反应的能力中也发挥作用。
