Gleich G J
Ann Inst Pasteur Immunol. 1986 Jul-Aug;137D(1):136-41.
The observations summarized above were made because of the striking associations between peripheral blood eosinophilia and various human diseases. Clinicians caring for patients with asthma have known for years that peripheral blood eosinophilia and marked bronchial and sputum eosinophilia are associated with asthma. As a consequence of studies using the eosinophil granule MBP, we are now able to postulate that eosinophils damage bronchial epithelium during the course of asthma. This model proposes that eosinophils are attracted into bronchial epithelium and degranulate, releasing toxic cationic proteins which cause desquamation and damage to bronchial epithelium. This model explains many of the features of bronchial asthma, but it leaves open the question of the mechanism(s) for eosinophil attraction to the bronchial epithelium. The studies of eosinophils in cutaneous diseases have led to the hypothesis that the eosinophil loses its morphologic integrity in the skin either by degranulation and loss of its characteristic granules or by frank death of the cell. In either event, there is a strong association between deposition of eosinophil granule MBP and cutaneous oedema. Finally, a molecule indistinguishable from eosinophil granule MBP is found in the human placenta.
上述观察结果是由于外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多与各种人类疾病之间存在显著关联而得出的。多年来，照料哮喘患者的临床医生都知道外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多以及显著的支气管和痰液嗜酸性粒细胞增多与哮喘有关。由于使用嗜酸性粒细胞颗粒MBP进行的研究，我们现在能够推测嗜酸性粒细胞在哮喘病程中会损伤支气管上皮。该模型提出，嗜酸性粒细胞被吸引到支气管上皮并脱颗粒，释放有毒阳离子蛋白，导致支气管上皮剥脱和损伤。该模型解释了支气管哮喘的许多特征，但它没有解决嗜酸性粒细胞被吸引到支气管上皮的机制问题。对皮肤病中嗜酸性粒细胞的研究导致了这样一种假设，即嗜酸性粒细胞在皮肤中要么通过脱颗粒和失去其特征性颗粒，要么通过细胞的直接死亡而失去其形态完整性。在任何一种情况下，嗜酸性粒细胞颗粒MBP的沉积与皮肤水肿之间都存在密切关联。最后，在人胎盘中发现了一种与嗜酸性粒细胞颗粒MBP无法区分的分子。
