Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Industrial Park District, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Global Health, Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 159 Beijiao Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, 153000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Sep;61(6):2909-2917. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02865-4. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
Despite the widespread use of multivitamin/mineral supplements, the effects of multivitamin/mineral on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain inconclusive. We aimed to prospectively investigate how multivitamin/mineral use is associated with CVD.
This population-based cohort study included 465,278 men and women who participated in the UK Biobank and were free from CVD at baseline. Participants were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed-up until the end of 2018. Data on supplement use including multivitamin/mineral were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios of CVD events in relation to multivitamin/mineral use.
During the follow-up, we identified 25,772 cases of CVD events, 4754 cases of CVD mortality, 18,728 cases of coronary heart disease, 6726 cases of myocardial infarction, and 4561 cases of stroke. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios associated with multivitamin/mineral use were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93, 0.99) for CVD events, 0.92 (0.86, 1.00) for CVD mortality, 0.96 (0.93, 0.99) for coronary heart disease, and 0.92 (0.86, 0.97) for myocardial infarction. Subgroup analysis suggested that multivitamin/mineral use was associated with a significantly lower risk of CVD events in participants aged < 60 years and in former and current smokers (P for interaction ≤ 0.01). Sensitivity analyses showed no substantial change in the results when we excluded participants who developed CVD events during the first 2 years of follow-up.
Multivitamin/mineral supplementation was associated with very modest reductions in CVD events. Age and smoking might modify these associations.
尽管多维元素/矿物质补充剂被广泛使用，但多维元素/矿物质对心血管疾病（CVD）的影响仍不确定。我们旨在前瞻性研究多维元素/矿物质的使用与 CVD 之间的关系。
这项基于人群的队列研究纳入了 465278 名参加英国生物库研究且基线时无 CVD 的男性和女性。参与者于 2006 年至 2010 年期间入组，并随访至 2018 年底。使用自我报告问卷收集关于补充剂使用（包括多维元素/矿物质）的数据。使用 Cox 比例风险模型估计多维元素/矿物质使用与 CVD 事件之间的风险比。
在随访期间，我们确定了 25772 例 CVD 事件、4754 例 CVD 死亡、18728 例冠心病、6726 例心肌梗死和 4561 例中风。与多维元素/矿物质使用相关的多变量调整风险比为 CVD 事件 0.96（95%CI：0.93，0.99）、CVD 死亡率 0.92（0.86，1.00）、冠心病 0.96（0.93，0.99）和心肌梗死 0.92（0.86，0.97）。亚组分析表明，多维元素/矿物质的使用与年龄<60 岁以及既往和当前吸烟者的 CVD 事件风险显著降低相关（P 交互作用值≤0.01）。敏感性分析表明，当排除随访前 2 年内发生 CVD 事件的参与者时，结果没有实质性变化。
多维元素/矿物质补充与 CVD 事件的显著减少相关。年龄和吸烟可能会改变这些关联。
