Riboflavin Bioenriched Soymilk Alleviates Oxidative Stress Mediated Liver Injury, Intestinal Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modification in B Depletion-Repletion Mice.

Epidemiological evidence emphasizes that ariboflavinosis can lead to oxidative stress, which in turn may mediate the initiation and progression of liver injury and intestinal inflammation. Although vitamin B has gained worldwide attention for its antioxidant defense, the relationship between B status, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and intestinal homeostasis remains indistinct. Herein, we developed a B depletion-repletion BALB/c mice model to investigate the ameliorative effects of B bioenriched fermented soymilk (BFS) on ariboflavinosis, accompanied by oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota modulation in response to B deficiency. results revealed that the phenotypic ariboflavinosis symptoms, growth rate, EGRAC status, and hepatic function reverted to normal after BFS supplementation. BFS significantly elevated CAT, SOD, T-AOC, and compromised MDA levels in the serum, simultaneously up-regulated Nrf2, CAT, and SOD2, and down-regulated Keap1 gene in the colon. The histopathological characteristics revealed significant alleviation in the liver and intestinal inflammation, confirmed by the downregulation of inflammatory (IL-1β and IL-6) and nuclear transcription (NF-κB) factors after BFS supplementation. BFS also increased the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota, increased the relative abundance of and , as well as decreased , , , and in strong conjunction with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, and gut homeostasis along with the remarkable increase in cecal SCFAs content. We hereby reveal that BFS can effectively alleviate deleterious ariboflavinosis associated with oxidative stress mediated liver injury, chronic intestinal inflammation, and gut dysbiosis in the B depletion-repletion mice model activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.