Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macao 999078, China.
School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 10;829:154477. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154477. Epub 2022 Mar 16.
Improving agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) is essential to China's agricultural sustainable development. Although several studies have focused on China's AGTFP, its measurement and drivers are not fully investigated yet. More specifically, the published research examining the drivers of China's AGTFP at both the production and factor levels is still scarce. To fill this gap, this study constructs two different data envelopment analysis models combined with green Luenberger productivity indicator (GLPI), the biennial weight modified Russell model and the biennial bounded adjusted model, to measure China's AGTFP as well as check the robustness. We further decompose the AGTFP growth at both production and factor levels to investigate its drivers. The main findings are as follows. First, during 1998-2019, the central region with its GLPI at 0.0377 had the largest AGTFP growth, followed by the western (0.0281) and eastern regions (0.0254). Second, in terms of production-decomposition, technical progress was crucial driver to AGTFP growth, energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER) and market performance. Third, in terms of factors-decomposition, the contributions of these factors to the AGTFP growth were positive and the contribution rates ranged from 1.01% (pesticide) to 38.51% (agricultural carbon emissions). Additionally, ECER performance was the primary driver of AGTFP, accounting for about 51.35% of the growth. Finally, according to the decompositions, Porter effect was discovered in China's agricultural sector. ECER drove China's agriculture to achieve win-win development between the environment and economic production.
提高农业绿色全要素生产率（AGTFP）对中国农业的可持续发展至关重要。尽管已有多项研究聚焦于中国的 AGTFP，但对其衡量方法和驱动因素的研究仍不全面。更具体地说，对于中国农业在生产和要素层面上的 AGTFP 驱动因素的研究仍相对较少。为了填补这一空白，本研究构建了两种不同的数据包络分析模型，结合绿色 Luenberger 生产率指标（GLPI）、两年期权重修正 Russell 模型和两年期有界调整模型，以衡量中国的 AGTFP，并检验其稳健性。我们进一步分解了生产和要素层面上的 AGTFP 增长，以探究其驱动因素。主要发现如下。首先，在 1998-2019 年期间，中部地区的 GLPI 为 0.0377，其 AGTFP 增长最大，其次是西部地区（0.0281）和东部地区（0.0254）。其次，从生产分解来看，技术进步是 AGTFP 增长的关键驱动因素，节能和减排（ECER）以及市场绩效也起到了推动作用。第三，从要素分解来看，这些因素对 AGTFP 增长的贡献均为正值，贡献率范围从 1.01%（农药）到 38.51%（农业碳排放）。此外，ECER 绩效是 AGTFP 的主要驱动因素，占增长的约 51.35%。最后，根据分解结果，在中国农业部门发现了波特效应。ECER 推动中国农业实现了环境与经济生产之间的双赢发展。
