Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Ludwika Pasteura 3, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland.
Virology. 2022 May;570:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.03.002. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
Enveloped viruses such as Coronaviridae (CoV) enter the host cell by fusing the viral envelope directly with the plasma membrane (PM) or with the membrane of the endosome. Replication of the CoV genome takes place in membrane compartments formed by rearrangement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane network. Budding of these viruses occurs from the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). The relationship between proteins and various membranes is crucial for the replication cycle of CoVs. The role of transmembrane domains (TMDs) and pre-transmembrane domains (pre-TMD) of viral proteins in this process is gaining more recognition. Here we present a thorough analysis of physico-chemical parameters, such as accessible surface area (ASA), average hydrophobicity (H), and contribution of specific amino acids in TMDs and pre-TMDs of single-span membrane proteins of human viruses. We focus on unique properties of these elements in CoV and postulate their role in adaptation to diverse host membranes and regulation of retention of membrane proteins during replication.
包膜病毒（如冠状病毒科）通过将病毒包膜与质膜（PM）或内体膜直接融合进入宿主细胞。冠状病毒基因组的复制发生在由内质网（ER）膜网络重排形成的膜隔室中。这些病毒的出芽发生在 ER-Golgi 中间隔室（ERGIC）中。蛋白质与各种膜之间的关系对 CoV 的复制周期至关重要。病毒蛋白的跨膜结构域（TMD）和前跨膜结构域（pre-TMD）在该过程中的作用越来越受到重视。在这里，我们对人类病毒的单跨膜蛋白的 TMD 和 pre-TMD 中的理化参数（如可及表面积（ASA）、平均疏水性（H）和特定氨基酸的贡献）进行了全面分析。我们专注于 CoV 中这些元素的独特性质，并假设它们在适应不同宿主膜和调节复制过程中膜蛋白保留中的作用。
