Khelfa Basma, Korbmacher Raphael, Schadschneider Andreas, Tordeux Antoine
School for Mechanical Engineering and Safety Engineering, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 19;12(1):4768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08649-4.
The collective motion of interacting self-driven particles describes many types of coordinated dynamics and self-organisation. Prominent examples are alignment or lane formation which can be observed alongside other ordered structures and nonuniform patterns. In this article, we investigate the effects of different types of heterogeneity in a two-species self-driven particle system. We show that heterogeneity can generically initiate segregation in the motion and identify two heterogeneity mechanisms. Longitudinal lanes parallel to the direction of motion emerge when the heterogeneity statically lies in the agent characteristics (quenched disorder). While transverse bands orthogonal to the motion direction arise from dynamic heterogeneity in the interactions (annealed disorder). In both cases, non-linear transitions occur as the heterogeneity increases, from disorder to ordered states with lane or band patterns. These generic features are observed for a first and a second order motion model and different characteristic parameters related to particle speed and size. Simulation results show that the collective dynamics occur in relatively short time intervals, persist stationary, and are partly robust against random perturbations.
相互作用的自驱动粒子的集体运动描述了许多类型的协调动力学和自组织现象。突出的例子是排列或车道形成，这可以与其他有序结构和非均匀模式一起观察到。在本文中，我们研究了两物种自驱动粒子系统中不同类型的异质性的影响。我们表明，异质性通常可以在运动中引发分离，并识别出两种异质性机制。当异质性静态地存在于主体特征中（淬火无序）时，会出现与运动方向平行的纵向车道。而与运动方向正交的横向带则源于相互作用中的动态异质性（退火无序）。在这两种情况下，随着异质性的增加，会发生从无序到具有车道或带状模式的有序状态的非线性转变。对于一阶和二阶运动模型以及与粒子速度和大小相关的不同特征参数，都观察到了这些一般特征。模拟结果表明，集体动力学发生在相对较短的时间间隔内，持续稳定，并且部分地对随机扰动具有鲁棒性。
