Gam Søren, Klitgaard Kent K, Funch Anders B, Sloth Markus E, Holt Jesper W, Molbech Jakob L, Hansen Ernst A
Sport Sciences - Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Denmark.
Biol Sport. 2022 Mar;39(2):289-293. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.104915. Epub 2021 Apr 9.
Moderate paddling, as in long distance kayaking, constitutes an endurance activity, which shares energetic aspects with activities such as long distance running and road cycling. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether in moderate paddling there is a U-shaped relationship between oxygen uptake and stroke rate, and also whether elite kayakers apply a freely chosen stroke rate, which is energetically optimal. Eleven young male elite kayakers performed moderate kayak ergometry at preset target stroke rates of 65, 75, and 90 strokes min, and at a freely chosen stroke rate, while physiological responses including oxygen uptake were measured. The results showed that considering average values calculated across all participants, there was an approximately U-shaped relationship between oxygen uptake and target stroke rate with a minimum at 75 strokes min. The freely chosen stroke rate was 67.0 ± 6.1 strokes min. Thus, the freely chosen stroke rate, for the group in total, appeared to be lower and require higher oxygen uptake as compared to the energetically optimal preset target stroke rate. Eight out of 11 participants had a higher oxygen uptake (5.1% ± 6.7%, p = 0.028, across all participants) at their freely chosen stroke rate than at the preset target stroke rate, which resulted in the lowest oxygen uptake. In conclusion, an approximately U-shaped relationship between oxygen uptake and stroke rate for young elite kayakers during moderate ergometer kayaking was found. Additionally, the freely chosen stroke rate was systematically lower and, consequently, required higher oxygen uptake than the preset stroke rate, which resulted in the lowest oxygen uptake.
适度划桨，如在长距离皮划艇运动中，属于一种耐力活动，它在能量方面与长跑和公路自行车等活动有相似之处。本研究的目的是调查在适度划桨时，摄氧量与划桨频率之间是否存在U型关系，以及精英皮划艇运动员是否采用自由选择的、在能量利用上最优的划桨频率。11名年轻男性精英皮划艇运动员在预设的65、75和90次/分钟的目标划桨频率以及自由选择的划桨频率下进行适度的皮划艇测力计测试，同时测量包括摄氧量在内的生理反应。结果表明，考虑到所有参与者的平均值，摄氧量与目标划桨频率之间存在近似U型关系，在75次/分钟时达到最小值。自由选择的划桨频率为67.0±6.1次/分钟。因此，总体而言，与能量利用最优的预设目标划桨频率相比，自由选择的划桨频率似乎更低，且需要更高的摄氧量。11名参与者中有8人在自由选择的划桨频率下的摄氧量（所有参与者的平均值为5.1%±6.7%，p = 0.028）高于预设目标划桨频率下的摄氧量，而预设目标划桨频率下的摄氧量是最低的。总之，在适度的测力计皮划艇运动中，年轻精英皮划艇运动员的摄氧量与划桨频率之间存在近似U型关系。此外，自由选择的划桨频率系统性地更低，因此与预设划桨频率相比需要更高的摄氧量，而预设划桨频率下的摄氧量是最低的。
